Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-21231

High

Published: 10 February 2026

Published
10 February 2026
Modified
11 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0003 9.3th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-21231 is a high-severity Race Condition (CWE-362) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 9.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-4 (Information in Shared System Resources) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the specific race condition vulnerability in the Windows Kernel through timely application of vendor patches.

prevent

Prevents unauthorized information transfer via shared kernel resources exploited by the improper synchronization race condition.

prevent

Enforces least privilege for local low-privilege accounts, limiting the attack surface and impact of privilege escalation via the race condition.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local kernel race condition enabling privilege escalation by low-privileged local attacker directly matches Exploitation for Privilege Escalation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-21231 is a race condition vulnerability (CWE-362) stemming from concurrent execution using a shared resource with improper synchronization in the Windows Kernel. This flaw enables an authorized local attacker to elevate privileges. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) and was published on 2026-02-10.

The vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker with low privileges (PR:L) who has local access to the system. Exploitation requires high attack complexity (AC:H) due to the race condition nature but needs no user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation changes scope (S:C) and grants high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), allowing the attacker to elevate to higher privileges on the affected Windows system.

For mitigation details, refer to the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-21231.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8868 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8868
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8389 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8389
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6937
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6937
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6649 · ≤ 10.0.22631.6649
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7781 · ≤ 10.0.26100.7781
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7781 · ≤ 10.0.26200.7781
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8868
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.8389
+3 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2026-20921Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-20826Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-32164Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-20930Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2026-20866Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2026-32160Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809

References