Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-21990

High

Published: 20 January 2026

Published
20 January 2026
Modified
29 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0001 3.2th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-21990 is a high-severity an unspecified weakness vulnerability in Oracle Vm Virtualbox. Its CVSS base score is 8.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 3.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and AC-6 (Least Privilege).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates CVE-2026-21990 by requiring identification, reporting, and timely patching of the flaw in affected Oracle VM VirtualBox versions.

prevent

Reduces the risk of exploitation by ensuring accounts on the host infrastructure where VirtualBox executes do not have unnecessary high privileges (PR:H).

detect

Enables detection of vulnerable VirtualBox installations (7.1.14, 7.2.4) through vulnerability scanning, facilitating proactive remediation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local high-privileged exploit in hypervisor component enabling full product takeover and cross-scope impact, directly matching exploitation for privilege escalation.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 7.1.14 and 7.2.4. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise…

more

Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-21990 is a vulnerability in the Core component of Oracle VM VirtualBox, a product within Oracle Virtualization. The supported versions affected are 7.1.14 and 7.2.4.

The vulnerability is easily exploitable by a high-privileged attacker who has logon access to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox, resulting in a takeover of the product. Although the flaw resides in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products due to a scope change. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 8.2 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Oracle's January 2026 Critical Patch Update advisory at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2026.html provides further details on this vulnerability, including information on patches and mitigation.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

oracle
vm virtualbox
7.1.14, 7.2.4

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References