Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-23957

High

Published: 22 January 2026

Published
22 January 2026
Modified
06 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0003 8.2th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-23957 is a high-severity Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) vulnerability in Lxsmnsyc Seroval. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 8.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-770

This control implements explicit throttling on session allocation, addressing the weakness of allocating resources without limits.

addresses: CWE-770

Plan testing exercises resource allocation limits and throttling during simulated failures, directly addressing weaknesses that allow unbounded resource use.

addresses: CWE-770

Contingency plan updates ensure recovery strategies address unbounded resource allocation, making it harder for attackers to exploit lack of throttling to cause prolonged outages.

addresses: CWE-770

Provides continuity when unbounded resource allocation at the primary site leads to exhaustion and downtime.

addresses: CWE-770

Alternate services allow operations to continue when primary allocation of resources lacks limits or throttling.

addresses: CWE-770

Explicit planning of security-related actions requires defining limits, windows, and resource allocations, making allocation without throttling far less likely.

addresses: CWE-770

Measures of performance include tracking allocation behavior and throttling effectiveness, reducing the window for resource exhaustion attacks.

addresses: CWE-770

Imposes an inactivity-based limit on network resource allocation, throttling the number of concurrently held connections.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Vuln enables remote unauthenticated exploitation of public-facing apps (T1190) via malicious serialized payloads, directly causing endpoint DoS through application/system exploitation (T1499.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

seroval facilitates JS value stringification, including complex structures beyond JSON.stringify capabilities. In versions 1.4.0 and below, overriding encoded array lengths by replacing them with an excessively large value causes the deserialization process to significantly increase processing time. This issue has…

more

been fixed in version 1.4.1.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-23957 is a denial-of-service vulnerability in the seroval JavaScript library, which enables serialization of JavaScript values including complex structures beyond standard JSON.stringify capabilities. In versions 1.4.0 and below, attackers can override encoded array lengths in serialized data by replacing them with excessively large values, causing the deserialization process to consume significant processing time due to resource exhaustion (CWE-770). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Any remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting and delivering malicious serialized payloads to applications that use affected seroval versions for deserialization. Successful exploitation leads to substantial increases in CPU usage during deserialization, potentially resulting in denial of service for the targeted application or service without requiring user interaction.

The issue has been addressed in seroval version 1.4.1. Official mitigation guidance is available in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/security/advisories/GHSA-66fc-rw6m-c2q6 and the fixing commit at https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/commit/ce9408ebc87312fcad345a73c172212f2a798060; security practitioners should upgrade to the patched version and validate input serialization/deserialization processes.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

lxsmnsyc
seroval
≤ 1.4.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-24006Same product: Lxsmnsyc Seroval
CVE-2026-23956Same product: Lxsmnsyc Seroval
CVE-2026-23737Same product: Lxsmnsyc Seroval
CVE-2026-23736Same product: Lxsmnsyc Seroval
CVE-2026-20103Shared CWE-770
CVE-2025-1059Shared CWE-770
CVE-2026-1848Shared CWE-770
CVE-2026-29168Shared CWE-770
CVE-2026-33258Shared CWE-770
CVE-2026-32280Shared CWE-770

References