Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2026-25105 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Copeland Xweb 300D Pro Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.0 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 22% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2026-25105 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior. The flaw resides in the Modbus command tool accessible via the debug route, where insufficient input validation allows malicious payloads to be injected into parameters, leading to arbitrary operating system command execution. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.0 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for complete system compromise despite requiring high privileges and elevated attack complexity.
An authenticated attacker with high-level privileges (PR:H) can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) without user interaction (UI:N). By crafting and submitting malicious input to the affected Modbus command tool parameters in the debug route, the attacker achieves remote code execution (RCE) on the underlying system, potentially granting full control including data exfiltration, modification, or disruption (high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability with changed scope).
CISA's ICS Advisory ICSA-26-057-10 and the associated CSAF document detail mitigation strategies, while Copeland's Dixell software update page provides patches for remediation. Security practitioners should consult these resources—https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-057-10, https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-057-10.json, and https://webapps.copeland.com/Dixell/Pages/SystemSoftwareUpdate—for specific patching instructions, workaround guidance, and affected product details.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-8977
Vulnerability Data
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by injecting malicious input into parameters of the Modbus command tool in the debug route.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.2.5V1.2.8V15.2.5
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.
Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.
Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.
Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.
Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.
Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.