CVE-2026-25778
Published: 27 February 2026
Summary
CVE-2026-25778 is a medium-severity Insufficient Session Expiration (CWE-613) vulnerability in Swtchenergy Swtchenergy.Com. Its CVSS base score is 6.9 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 16.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-10 (Concurrent Session Control) and SC-23 (Session Authenticity).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2026-25778 affects the WebSocket backend in charging station systems, where session association relies on charging station identifiers. The implementation permits multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier, resulting in predictable session IDs. This flaw enables session hijacking or shadowing, as the most recent connection displaces the legitimate charging station and intercepts backend commands intended for it.
The vulnerability is exploitable over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L), requiring no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N), and unchanged scope (S:U), earning a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 with low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:I:A:L:L:L). Remote attackers can leverage predictable session IDs to hijack active sessions, impersonating legitimate charging stations to authenticate as other users and execute unauthorized commands. Alternatively, attackers can overwhelm the backend with valid session requests, displacing legitimate connections and causing a denial-of-service condition.
Mitigation details are outlined in advisories including CISA ICSA-26-057-06 (https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-057-06) and the associated CSAF document (https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-057-06.json). Security practitioners should consult these resources and the vendor contact at SWTCH Energy (https://swtchenergy.com/contact/) for patches and remediation guidance. The issue maps to CWE-613 (Insufficient Session Expiration).
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-8960
Vulnerability details
The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable session identifiers and enables session hijacking or shadowing, where the most recent connection…
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displaces the legitimate charging station and receives backend commands intended for that station. This vulnerability may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming the backend with valid session requests.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The public-facing WebSocket backend vulnerability (predictable/reusable session IDs) directly enables remote exploitation for initial access (T1190) and facilitates hijacking of active charging-station sessions to impersonate users and execute commands or cause DoS (T1563).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly blocks multiple WebSocket endpoints from binding to the same charging-station session identifier, eliminating the hijacking/shadowing vector.
Requires cryptographic binding and integrity protection of session identifiers so that predictable or replayed IDs cannot be used to impersonate a legitimate station.
Mandates non-predictable, unique identifier generation and assignment for devices, directly addressing the root cause of CWE-613 predictable session IDs.