CVE-2026-25778

High

Published: 27 February 2026

Published

27 February 2026

Modified

05 March 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0005 16.2th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25778 is a high-severity Insufficient Session Expiration (CWE-613) vulnerability in Swtchenergy Swtchenergy.Com. Its CVSS base score is 7.3 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 16.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.

Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

AC-11 Device Lock

addresses: CWE-613

Locks the device (typically after inactivity) until re-authentication, addressing insufficient session expiration by preventing indefinite access.

AC-12 Session Termination

addresses: CWE-613

Automatically terminating sessions after a defined period directly enforces session expiration, preventing indefinite session lifetimes that attackers can exploit.

IA-11 Re-authentication

addresses: CWE-613

Re-authentication after inactivity or time-based triggers prevents indefinite use of potentially hijacked or stale sessions.

MA-4 Nonlocal Maintenance

addresses: CWE-613

Terminating sessions and network connections upon completion prevents insufficient session expiration.

SC-10 Network Disconnect

addresses: CWE-613

Directly enforces termination of network sessions after inactivity or end-of-session, preventing indefinite session lifetime.

SC-45 System Time Synchronization

addresses: CWE-613

Consistent clocks across systems allow session expiration and timeout enforcement to function as intended in distributed environments.

SI-14 Non-persistence

addresses: CWE-613

When the non-persistent artifact is a session or connection, mandatory termination implements the missing expiration that CWE-613 describes.

SI-21 Information Refresh

addresses: CWE-613

Timed refresh of session-related information or on-demand generation plus deletion implements proper session expiration.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1563 Remote Service Session Hijacking Lateral Movement

Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The public-facing WebSocket backend vulnerability (predictable/reusable session IDs) directly enables remote exploitation for initial access (T1190) and facilitates hijacking of active charging-station sessions to impersonate users and execute commands or cause DoS (T1563).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable session identifiers and enables session hijacking or shadowing, where the most recent connection…

displaces the legitimate charging station and receives backend commands intended for that station. This vulnerability may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming the backend with valid session requests.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-25778 affects the WebSocket backend in charging station systems, where session association relies on charging station identifiers. The implementation permits multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier, resulting in predictable session IDs. This flaw enables session hijacking or shadowing, as the most recent connection displaces the legitimate charging station and intercepts backend commands intended for it.

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L), requiring no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N), and unchanged scope (S:U), earning a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 with low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:I:A:L:L:L). Remote attackers can leverage predictable session IDs to hijack active sessions, impersonating legitimate charging stations to authenticate as other users and execute unauthorized commands. Alternatively, attackers can overwhelm the backend with valid session requests, displacing legitimate connections and causing a denial-of-service condition.

Mitigation details are outlined in advisories including CISA ICSA-26-057-06 (https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-057-06) and the associated CSAF document (https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-057-06.json). Security practitioners should consult these resources and the vendor contact at SWTCH Energy (https://swtchenergy.com/contact/) for patches and remediation guidance. The issue maps to CWE-613 (Insufficient Session Expiration).