Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-28435

DoS in Yhirose Cpp-Httplib ≤ 0.35.0

Public PoCDoS
Published
04 March 2026
Modified
05 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 35th percentile
Risk Priority 57 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28435 is a high-severity Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) vulnerability in Yhirose Cpp-Httplib. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique OS Exhaustion Flood (T1499.001); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SC-6 (Resource Availability) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-28435 affects cpp-httplib, a C++11 single-file header-only cross-platform HTTP/HTTPS library, in versions prior to 0.35.0. The vulnerability arises because the library does not enforce the Server::set_payload_max_length() limit on the decompressed request body when using HandlerWithContentReader (streaming ContentReader) with Content-Encoding: gzip or other supported encodings. This allows a small compressed payload to expand beyond the configured payload limit and be processed by the application, resulting in a payload size limit bypass.

The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), indicating it is exploitable over the network with low complexity, no privileges or user interaction required. An unauthenticated attacker can send a malicious HTTP request with a small gzip-compressed body that decompresses to a much larger size, causing the application to process excessive data and leading to denial of service through CPU or memory exhaustion.

The issue is fixed in cpp-httplib version 0.35.0. The GitHub security advisory (GHSA-xvfx-w463-6fpp) and the fixing commit (c99d7472b5cf4869d3897b9afc9792063a3d15a8) detail the patch, which enforces the payload length limit on decompressed content. Practitioners should upgrade to 0.35.0 or later to mitigate the vulnerability.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

cpp-httplib is a C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library. Prior to 0.35.0, cpp-httplib (httplib.h) does not enforce Server::set_payload_max_length() on the decompressed request body when using HandlerWithContentReader (streaming ContentReader) with Content-Encoding: gzip (or other supported encodings). A small compressed payload…

more

can expand beyond the configured payload limit and be processed by the application, enabling a payload size limit bypass and potential denial of service (CPU/memory exhaustion). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.35.0.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1499.001 OS Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS).
T1498 Network Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users.
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.002 Service Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS).
T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-52887Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-22776Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2025-53629Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2025-53628Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-29076Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-45352Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-31870Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-46527Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-28434Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib
CVE-2026-21428Same product: Yhirose Cpp-Httplib

Affected Assets

yhirose
cpp-httplib
≤ 0.35.0

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SC-5 directly limits the effects of resource-exhaustion events that constitute uncontrolled consumption.

SC-6 enforces explicit allocation limits on resources, structurally preventing the weakness from occurring.

Input validation can reject or limit decompression of data whose expansion ratio exceeds safe thresholds.

Process isolation confines resource consumption to separate domains, reducing blast radius without stopping the root flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.IR-04 mostly match
prevents

Explicitly requires monitoring and maintaining resource capacity, directly addressing uncontrolled consumption to preserve availability.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices include input-validation and resource-limit checks that prevent improper handling of compressed data.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Continuous monitoring of computing resources can detect resource exhaustion but does not itself enforce allocation limits.

PR.IR-03 partial match
prevents

Resilience mechanisms such as avoiding single points of failure indirectly reduce impact of resource exhaustion.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines can include resource quotas and limits that constrain consumption.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Resource-utilization monitoring and alerting on bottlenecks or overloads limits the impact of denial-of-service or resource-exhaustion attacks.

finds

Security testing can uncover decompression-bomb vulnerabilities before release.

prevents

By continuously monitoring utilization, stress-testing peak loads, and maintaining documented plans to scale or throttle resources, the control directly limits an attacker’s ability to drive a system into uncontrolled resource exhaustion.

finds

Pre-agreed severity-based prioritization and resource allocation during incident triage reduce the likelihood that an attacker-induced resource exhaustion will overwhelm the organization before corrective action is taken.

mitigates

Business-continuity plans that include resource-management controls reduce the likelihood that an attacker can trigger uncontrolled resource consumption by forcing the system into a degraded or fallback state.

mitigates

Defining RTOs and capacity requirements for ICT services during business-impact analysis forces organizations to provision sufficient resources and throttling mechanisms, reducing the likelihood that an attacker can induce denial-of-service through uncontrolled resource consumption.

References