Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-2921

Memory Safety in Gstreamer ≤ 1.28.1

Published
16 March 2026
Modified
21 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0087 55th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-2921 is a high-severity Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190) vulnerability in Gstreamer Gstreamer. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

GStreamer RIFF Palette Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on…

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the implementation. The specific flaw exists within the handling of palette data in AVI files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer overflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-28854.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Why these techniques?

Integer overflow in GStreamer AVI palette parsing directly enables remote code execution via malicious media file (client-side exploitation).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-3082Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2023-38103Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2023-40474Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2023-37327Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2023-40475Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2026-2922Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2026-2923Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2023-38104Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2026-3084Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer
CVE-2025-6663Same product: Gstreamer Gstreamer

Affected Assets

gstreamer
gstreamer
≤ 1.28.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SI-16 Memory Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.2.6

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of user-supplied palette data in AVI/Riff streams to block the integer overflow before memory write.

prevent

Mandates timely patching of the GStreamer flaw (CWE-190) that permits the unchecked integer overflow leading to RCE.

prevent

Provides memory protection mechanisms that can block or contain exploitation of the overflow-induced write in the current process.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require use of safe arithmetic, bounds checks, and testing that prevent integer overflows.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect integer overflows before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and arithmetic checks that prevent integer overflows.

degrades

Application security requirements include bounds checking and safe arithmetic to avoid overflow conditions.

degrades

Secure architecture principles require defensive coding patterns that mitigate integer wraparound risks.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe integer operations and mandate overflow-safe constructs.

References