Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-33202

Rubyonrails Rails ≤ 7.2.3.1

Published
24 March 2026
Modified
24 March 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v4 6.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0065 49th percentile
Risk Priority 42 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2026-33202 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Rubyonrails Rails. Its CVSS base score is 6.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Dynamic Linker Hijacking (T1574.006); ranked at the 49th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-33202 is a vulnerability in Active Storage, a Ruby on Rails component for attaching cloud and local files to applications. In versions prior to 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, the `DiskService#delete_prefixed` method passes blob keys directly to Ruby's `Dir.glob` without escaping glob metacharacters. This flaw, tracked as CWE-74 (OS Command Injection), carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H), highlighting its critical potential for integrity and availability disruption.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by unauthenticated attackers with low complexity and no user interaction. Exploitation requires a blob key containing attacker-controlled input or custom-generated content with glob metacharacters, such as asterisks or brackets. Successful attacks enable deletion of unintended files within the storage directory, potentially compromising application data integrity and availability without affecting confidentiality.

Mitigation involves upgrading to patched versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, or 7.2.3.1, as detailed in the Rails GitHub releases. The fixes are implemented in specific commits, including 8c9676b803820110548cdb7523800db43bc6874c, 955284d26e469a9c026a4eee5b21f0414ab0bccf, and fa19073546360856e9f4dab221fc2c5d73a45e82, which properly escape glob metacharacters before passing keys to `Dir.glob`.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, Active Storage's `DiskService#delete_prefixed` passes blob keys directly to `Dir.glob` without escaping glob metacharacters. If a blob key contains attacker-controlled input…

more

or custom-generated keys with glob metacharacters, it may be possible to delete unintended files from the storage directory. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

CWE(s)
CWE-74

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1574.006 Dynamic Linker Hijacking Stealth
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-56839Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-41122Shared CWE-74
CVE-2023-36260Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-34062Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-41121Shared CWE-74
CVE-2025-40710Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-56835Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-42472Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-22319Shared CWE-74
CVE-2024-23828Shared CWE-74

Affected Assets

rubyonrails
rails
≤ 7.2.3.1 · 8.0.0 — 8.0.4.1 · 8.1.0 — 8.1.2.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.1
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

SI-10 directly requires validation of information inputs to reject malformed or special-element content before it reaches downstream parsers.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and output encoding that prevent injection flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging supports detection of injection attempts but does not prevent the weakness.

A.8.16 Monitoring activities partial match
finds

Monitoring activities can identify active injection attacks after they occur.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and output encoding that directly prevent injection flaws.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection attacks in software design.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce injection surfaces but do not prescribe specific neutralization techniques.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper neutralization of special elements, directly addressing CWE-74.

References