Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-33264

RCE in Apache Airflow ≤ 3.3.0

Published
07 July 2026
Modified
08 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0099 59th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-33264 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Apache Airflow. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 41% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A bug in `BaseSerialization.deserialize()` allowed unrestricted `import_string()` of attacker-controlled class paths when the Scheduler / API Server loaded a serialized DAG: a DAG author could embed a malicious trigger into a DAG to gain remote code execution on the API…

more

Server / Scheduler process, crossing the Airflow security boundary that DAG-author code must never execute in those processes. Users are advised to upgrade to `apache-airflow` 3.3.0 or later. As a defense-in-depth mitigation, deployments where DAG-author trust is limited can restrict the `[core] allowed_deserialization_classes` config to a narrow allowlist.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

CWE-502 deserialization flaw in BaseSerialization.deserialize() permits attacker-controlled class loading during DAG processing, directly enabling RCE on the Scheduler/API Server (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-42359Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-33858Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-25917Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-32228Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-45360Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-40961Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2025-66236Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2023-50943Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-41084Same product: Apache Airflow
CVE-2026-46764Same product: Apache Airflow

Affected Assets

apache
airflow
≤ 3.3.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • CM-7 Least Functionality
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Least Functionality directly blocks the unrestricted import of attacker-controlled classes by restricting which Python modules/classes the Scheduler/API Server will deserialize.

prevent

Information Input Validation enforces strict validation of serialized DAG content, rejecting any class paths outside the approved allow-list before deserialization occurs.

prevent

Least Privilege limits the privileges of the Scheduler/API Server process so that even a successful deserialization attack yields minimal additional access.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 none match
prevents

PR.PS-02 addresses only post-deployment updates/patching and cannot prevent introduction of unsafe deserialization code, yet it can remediate some instances when the flaw exists in outdated libraries or components.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

detects

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References