Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-33603

Dovecot ≤ 2.4.4

Published
12 May 2026
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0022 13th percentile
Risk Priority 42 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-33603 is a medium-severity Resource Injection (CWE-99) vulnerability in Dovecot Dovecot. Its CVSS base score is 6.8 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Adversary-in-the-Middle (T1557); ranked at the 13th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SC-8 (Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Attacker can use a specially crafted base64 exchange between Dovecot and Client to fake SCRAM TLS channel binding. This requires that the attacker is able to position itself between Dovecot and the client connection. If successful, the attacker can eavesdrop…

more

communications between Dovecot and client as MITM proxy. Install fixed version. No publicly available exploits are known.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables active MITM positioning via forged SCRAM TLS channel binding to eavesdrop on Dovecot client sessions, directly mapping to Adversary-in-the-Middle.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-24031Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-40020Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-27856Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-40016Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-27857Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-42006Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-27859Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2026-27858Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2025-59032Same product: Dovecot Dovecot
CVE-2025-59028Same product: Dovecot Dovecot

Affected Assets

dovecot
dovecot
≤ 2.4.4
open-xchange
dovecot
≤ 3.1.5

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity
  • SC-23 Session Authenticity
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.8
  • V1.3.9
  • V1.3.11
  • V9.2.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Enforces cryptographic protection of session traffic (confidentiality+integrity) so that a successful fake channel-binding MITM attack cannot eavesdrop or tamper with Dovecot client exchanges.

prevent

Requires mechanisms that bind authentication to the underlying TLS channel, directly countering the SCRAM channel-binding bypass described in the CVE.

prevent

Mandates timely installation of the vendor-supplied patch that corrects the base64 exchange flaw allowing forged channel bindings.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and sanitization that prevent resource-identifier injection flaws.

PR.AA-05 partial match
prevents

Least-privilege access policy and enforcement limits damage from injected resource identifiers even when input validation is absent.

PR.IR-01 partial match
prevents

Network segmentation and unauthorized-access controls reduce the blast radius of successful resource injection.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect resource-injection flaws but does not itself implement preventive controls.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and resource-identifier sanitization that directly prevents resource injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls on external identifiers used to access resources.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce attack surface for resource injection but do not prescribe identifier validation.

prevents

Secure coding standards require strict validation and whitelisting of all resource identifiers before use.

mitigates

Information-access-restriction policies limit which resources can be referenced, indirectly reducing injection impact.

References