Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-33656

Path Traversal in Espocrm ≤ 9.3.4

Public PoCPath Traversal
Published
22 April 2026
Modified
27 April 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0050 40th percentile
Risk Priority 59 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-33656 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Espocrm Espocrm. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 40th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-33656 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) affecting EspoCRM, an open source customer relationship management application, in versions prior to 9.3.4. The issue stems from the built-in formula scripting engine, which allows updating the `sourceId` field on `Attachment` entities. This `sourceId` value is concatenated directly into file paths without sanitization in the `EspoUploadDir::getFilePath()` function, enabling redirection of file read or write operations to arbitrary paths within the web server's `open_basedir` scope. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

An authenticated administrator can exploit this vulnerability remotely with low complexity and no user interaction required. By overwriting the `sourceId` field via the formula scripting engine, the attacker can manipulate file paths, potentially reading sensitive files or overwriting critical data within the restricted `open_basedir` directory. The changed scope (S:C) amplifies impact across the system, leading to high confidentiality, integrity, and availability consequences.

The official GitHub security advisory (GHSA-7922-x7cf-j54x) confirms that EspoCRM version 9.3.4 addresses the issue by fixing the unsanitized handling of `sourceId` in the file path construction. Security practitioners should upgrade to version 9.3.4 or later and review access to formula scripting features for admin users.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

EspoCRM is an open source customer relationship management application. Prior to version 9.3.4, EspoCRM's built-in formula scripting engine allowing updating attachment's sourceId thus allowing an authenticated admin to overwrite the `sourceId` field on `Attachment` entities. Because `sourceId` is concatenated directly…

more

into a file path with no sanitization in `EspoUploadDir::getFilePath()`, an attacker can redirect any file read or write operation to an arbitrary path within the web server's `open_basedir` scope. Version 9.3.4 fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

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CVE-2024-33109Shared CWE-22
CVE-2023-35016Shared CWE-22
CVE-2025-10723Shared CWE-22
CVE-2023-1163Shared CWE-22
CVE-2024-43996Shared CWE-22
CVE-2024-48510Shared CWE-22

Affected Assets

espocrm
espocrm
≤ 9.3.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Enforces the intended directory access authorizations that path traversal would otherwise bypass.

Input validation directly neutralizes special path elements before pathname construction occurs.

Least privilege reduces the impact of any unauthorized file access obtained via traversal.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files an application may read or write.

References