Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-3960

CriticalPublic PoCRCE

Published: 23 April 2026

Published
23 April 2026
Modified
19 May 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0094 56.3th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-3960 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in H2O H2O. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 43.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Machine Learning Libraries; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in the unauthenticated REST API endpoint /99/ImportSQLTable in H2O-3 version 3.46.0.9 and prior. The vulnerability arises due to insufficient security controls in the parameter blacklist mechanism, which only targets MySQL JDBC driver-specific dangerous…

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parameters. An attacker can bypass these controls by switching the JDBC URL protocol to jdbc:postgresql: and exploiting PostgreSQL JDBC driver-specific parameters such as socketFactory and socketFactoryArg. This allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on the H2O-3 server with the privileges of the H2O-3 process. The issue is resolved in version 3.46.0.10.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Machine Learning Libraries
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: h2o

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated RCE in public REST API endpoint via code injection (CWE-94) directly enables exploitation of exposed applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-8751Same product: H2O H2O
CVE-2024-8062Same product: H2O H2O
CVE-2024-7765Same product: H2O H2O
CVE-2026-41229Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-44262Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-40563Shared CWE-94
CVE-2024-32641Shared CWE-94
CVE-2025-63665Shared CWE-94
CVE-2025-71243Shared CWE-94
CVE-2026-2052Shared CWE-94

Affected Assets

h2o
h2o
≤ 3.46.0.10

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-94

Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.

addresses: CWE-94

Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.

addresses: CWE-94

Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.

addresses: CWE-94

Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.

References