Cyber Resilience

CVE-2022-24682

Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.0 – 8.8.15

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCRansomware-linked
Published
09 February 2022
Modified
04 November 2025
KEV Added
25 February 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.31 98th percentile
Risk Priority 80 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2022-24682 is a medium-severity Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output (CWE-116) vulnerability in Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite. Its CVSS base score is 6.1 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is an improper input neutralization issue (CWE-116) in the Calendar feature of Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.x releases prior to 8.8.15 patch 30 (update 1). An attacker can supply HTML containing executable JavaScript inside element attributes; the markup is not escaped before being rendered, resulting in arbitrary script injection into the document served to users.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the flaw by delivering a malicious calendar item or invitation that triggers the injection when a victim views the calendar. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute JavaScript in the context of the victim's Zimbra session, enabling theft of session data or other actions within the changed security context reflected in the CVSS scoring.

Zimbra published a hotfix on 5 February 2022 and corresponding patch 30 (update 1) that addresses the zero-day. Administrators are directed to apply the update immediately; the vendor's security center and release notes list the fixed builds and advise monitoring the Zimbra Security Advisories page for further guidance.

The vulnerability was exploited in the wild beginning in December 2021 as part of Operation Emailthief, with Volexity reporting active campaigns targeting Zimbra deployments prior to public disclosure. The EPSS score reached a peak of 0.8863 with no material post-disclosure rise indicated.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An issue was discovered in the Calendar feature in Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.x before 8.8.15 patch 30 (update 1), as exploited in the wild starting in December 2021. An attacker could place HTML containing executable JavaScript inside element attributes. This…

more

markup becomes unescaped, causing arbitrary markup to be injected into the document.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
25 February 2022

Related Threats

Likely ATT&CK TechniquesAI

Techniques this vulnerability likely enables, inferred from its description, weakness type, and attributed-actor tradecraft. Confidence is per-technique.

T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Accessconfidence: HIGH
Malicious calendar invitation or item is delivered to trigger script execution when the victim views the calendar.
T1204.002 Malicious File Executionconfidence: HIGH
Victim interaction with the malicious calendar item leads to JavaScript execution in the Zimbra web interface.
T1059.007 JavaScript Executionconfidence: HIGH
Arbitrary JavaScript supplied via HTML attributes executes in the victim's browser session.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Accessconfidence: MEDIUM
Script execution in the Zimbra web context can be used to steal web session cookies or tokens.
inferred from description + CWE · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2022-27926Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2022-27925Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2023-37580Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2020-7796Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2019-9670Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2018-6882Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2022-37042Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2022-41352Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2025-66376Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV
CVE-2024-45519Same product: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suiteboth on KEV

Affected Assets

synacor
zimbra collaboration suite
8.8.15 · 8.8.0 — 8.8.15

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-15 Information Output Filtering
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.2.1
  • V1.2.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation and neutralization of untrusted input (calendar invitations) to block the CWE-116 improper neutralization that enables attribute-based script injection.

prevent

Mandates output filtering/encoding before rendering calendar data, preventing the unescaped HTML/JS from being injected into the victim's document.

preventdetect

Provides mechanisms to detect and block malicious code delivered via calendar items before it executes in the user session.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper output encoding to prevent injection and message malformation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require correct output encoding and escaping to preserve message structure.

detects

Security testing can detect missing or incorrect encoding but does not itself implement the control.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates output encoding/escaping practices that directly prevent improper encoding.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit rules for safe output handling and encoding.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of missing encoding but do not prescribe the actual technique.

References