Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-2442

XSS in Gitlab 15.11.0 – 15.11.7

High EPSSXSS
Published
07 June 2023
Modified
07 January 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.96 99.9th percentile
Risk Priority 82 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-2442 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Gitlab Gitlab. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 0.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability exists in GitLab Community Edition and Enterprise Edition. It affects all versions from 15.11 up to but not including 15.11.7 and all versions from 16.0 up to but not including 16.0.2. The flaw is triggered when a specially crafted merge request is processed, allowing attacker-controlled script to execute persistently in victims' browsers and resulting in a client-side stored XSS condition tracked as CWE-79.

An authenticated user who can submit merge requests is able to exploit the issue. Successful exploitation grants the attacker the ability to perform arbitrary actions within the victim's session, including actions that could lead to full account compromise given the CVSS vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N.

GitLab has published patches that remediate the vulnerability in the fixed releases 15.11.7 and 16.0.2; the associated advisories and issue trackers are available at the referenced GitLab CVE JSON entries and the linked GitLab issue 409346. The current EPSS score of 0.8181 with a recorded peak of 0.8436 indicates sustained exploitation interest after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 15.11 before 15.11.7, all versions starting from 16.0 before 16.0.2. A specially crafted merge request could lead to a stored XSS on the client side which allows…

more

attackers to perform arbitrary actions on behalf of victims.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

Likely ATT&CK TechniquesAI

Techniques this vulnerability likely enables, inferred from its description, weakness type, and attributed-actor tradecraft. Confidence is per-technique.

T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Accessconfidence: HIGH
Stored XSS in merge request processing enables drive-by compromise when a victim views the malicious content.
T1056.003 Web Portal Capture Collectionconfidence: MEDIUM
Persistent XSS can capture web portal input such as credentials or session tokens from the victim's browser.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Accessconfidence: MEDIUM
Client-side script execution in the victim's session can steal web session cookies.
inferred from description + CWE · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2020-13340Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-0050Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2021-22242Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-0523Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-2015Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-1836Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-6033Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2023-2164Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2022-1190Same product: Gitlab Gitlab
CVE-2022-1175Same product: Gitlab Gitlab

Affected Assets

gitlab
gitlab
15.11.0 — 15.11.7 · 15.11.0 — 15.11.7 · 16.0.0 — 16.0.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-15 Information Output Filtering
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Enforces validation and sanitization of merge-request content to block attacker-supplied scripts that produce the stored XSS.

prevent

Filters or encodes output when rendering merge-request data, neutralizing persistent scripts before they execute in victims' browsers.

preventdetect

Detects and blocks malicious code patterns introduced via crafted merge requests before they are stored and served.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly target introduction of XSS via coding standards/testing (mostly), yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors unaddressed (partial).

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching and EOL replacement can remediate known XSS instances in libraries or frameworks (partial) but do nothing to enforce input neutralization in application code (none).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Secure-coding testing and automated code-analysis tools are applied to detect improper neutralization of script-related content during web-page generation.

prevents

Knowledge exchange on emerging attack techniques and patches reduces the likelihood that cross-site scripting flaws remain unaddressed in deployed applications.

prevents

Operational indicators of compromise for web-application attacks can be incorporated into WAF or input-filtering rules, lowering the likelihood that unsanitized data reaches the browser.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure-coding standards and automated scanning during the SDLC catches missing output encoding or improper neutralization of untrusted data before the software reaches production.

prevents

Secure-coding standards, SAST scans and removal of insecure code samples together eliminate the failure to neutralize script content that produces cross-site scripting flaws.

none

Webpage malware scanning and block-listing of known malicious sites reduce the likelihood that reflected or stored script payloads reach a user’s browser.

References