Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-28868

Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client ≤ 12.22

Public PoC
Published
09 December 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0085 55th percentile
Risk Priority 61 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-28868 is a high-severity Link Following (CWE-59) vulnerability in Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Path Interception (T1034); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A01:2025 Broken Access Control

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Support Assistant in NCP Secure Enterprise Client before 12.22 allows attackers to delete arbitrary files on the operating system by creating a symbolic link.

CWE(s)
CWE-59

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1034 Path Interception Persistence
**This technique has been deprecated.
attack.mitre.org →
T1547.009 Shortcut Modification Persistence
Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-28871Same product: Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client
CVE-2023-28872Same product: Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client
CVE-2023-28869Same product: Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client
CVE-2023-28870Same product: Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client
CVE-2025-26155Same product: Ncp-E Secure Enterprise Client
CVE-2025-54798Shared CWE-59
CVE-2023-37206Shared CWE-59
CVE-2025-59241Shared CWE-59
CVE-2026-6891Shared CWE-59
CVE-2023-36723Shared CWE-59

Affected Assets

ncp-e
secure enterprise client
≤ 12.22

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V15.4.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require code to validate paths and avoid unsafe link following.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect link-following flaws before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices can mandate link-resolution checks and canonicalization before file access.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can explicitly require safe handling of symbolic links and path traversal.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles include input validation and safe file-access design patterns.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly address canonicalization and symlink attacks during implementation.

A.8.3 Information access restriction none match
mitigates

Access-control rules can limit which files are reachable, reducing exposure to malicious links.

References