Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2023-30806 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 0.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
The Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall version NGAF8.0.17 contains an operating system command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in the /cgi-bin/login.cgi endpoint. The flaw stems from improper handling of shell metacharacters within the PHPSESSID cookie value, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands via crafted HTTP POST requests. The issue carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible, low-complexity exploitation with no required credentials or user interaction.
A remote unauthenticated attacker can send a malicious POST request containing shell metacharacters in the PHPSESSID cookie to achieve arbitrary command execution on the affected firewall appliance. Successful exploitation grants the attacker full control over the device, enabling actions such as data exfiltration, persistence, or lateral movement within the protected network.
EPSS scores for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.1704 (current value 0.1485), indicating emerging exploitation interest after public disclosure. Public analyses from WatchTowr Labs and VulnCheck have detailed the request construction required to trigger the flaw.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-35166
Vulnerability Data
The Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall version NGAF8.0.17 is vulnerable to an operating system command injection vulnerability. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands by sending a crafted HTTP POST request to the /cgi-bin/login.cgi endpoint. This is due to…
more
mishandling of shell meta-characters in the PHPSESSID cookie.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
—
—
—
V1.2.5V1.2.8V15.2.5
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.
Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.