Security Resilience

CVE-2023-31102

Memory Safety in 7-Zip ≤ 22.01

High EPSSMemory Safety
Published
03 November 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.57 99.1th percentile
Risk Priority 82 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-31102 is a high-severity Wrap or Wraparound (CWE-191) vulnerability in 7-Zip 7-Zip. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique LSASS Memory (T1003.001); ranked in the top 0.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-31102 is an integer underflow leading to an invalid read in Ppmd7.c within 7-Zip versions prior to 23.00. The flaw is triggered when the application processes a specially crafted 7Z archive that supplies malformed PPMd data, allowing out-of-bounds memory access during decompression.

An attacker can exploit the issue by supplying a malicious archive to a local victim. Successful exploitation requires the victim to open the archive with an affected 7-Zip build; once triggered, the vulnerability permits arbitrary code execution or information disclosure with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Vendor and third-party advisories recommend immediate upgrade to 7-Zip 23.00 or later, available from the official download site. NetApp and Zero Day Initiative entries confirm that the fix eliminates the underflow condition in the PPMd decoder and advise applying the update across all installations that handle untrusted archives.

The associated EPSS score has reached 0.5468 without a documented low-to-high trajectory after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Ppmd7.c in 7-Zip before 23.00 allows an integer underflow and invalid read operation via a crafted 7Z archive.

CWE(s)
CWE-191

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1003.001 LSASS Memory Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS).
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.003 NTDS Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.005 Cached Domain Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1008 Fallback Channels Command And Control
Adversaries may use fallback or alternate communication channels if the primary channel is compromised or inaccessible in order to maintain reliable command and control and to avoid data transfer thresholds.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2023-35826Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-1838Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-3390Same product: Linux Linux Kernel

Affected Assets

7-zip
7-zip
≤ 22.01
netapp
active iq unified manager
all versions
netapp
oncommand workflow automation
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

ID.RA-01 partial match
blocks

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis can surface underflow flaws after they are introduced.

PR.PS-02 partial match
blocks

Routine patching can remediate known underflow bugs once they are discovered in deployed software.

PR.PS-06 partial match
blocks

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent integer underflow defects via input validation, bounds checking, and static analysis.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.14 Information transfer partial match
removes
A.5.15 Access control partial match
removes
A.5.16 Identity management partial match
removes
A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
removes
A.5.18 Access rights partial match
removes
A.8.10 Information deletion partial match
removes

References