Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-31102

Memory Safety in 7-Zip ≤ 22.01

High EPSSMemory Safety
Published
03 November 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.71 99.3th percentile
Risk Priority 82 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-31102 is a high-severity Wrap or Wraparound (CWE-191) vulnerability in 7-Zip 7-Zip. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 0.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-31102 is an integer underflow leading to an invalid read in Ppmd7.c within 7-Zip versions prior to 23.00. The flaw is triggered when the application processes a specially crafted 7Z archive that supplies malformed PPMd data, allowing out-of-bounds memory access during decompression.

An attacker can exploit the issue by supplying a malicious archive to a local victim. Successful exploitation requires the victim to open the archive with an affected 7-Zip build; once triggered, the vulnerability permits arbitrary code execution or information disclosure with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Vendor and third-party advisories recommend immediate upgrade to 7-Zip 23.00 or later, available from the official download site. NetApp and Zero Day Initiative entries confirm that the fix eliminates the underflow condition in the PPMd decoder and advise applying the update across all installations that handle untrusted archives.

The associated EPSS score has reached 0.5468 without a documented low-to-high trajectory after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Ppmd7.c in 7-Zip before 23.00 allows an integer underflow and invalid read operation via a crafted 7Z archive.

CWE(s)
CWE-191

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2023-35828Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-3390Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-35826Same product: Linux Linux Kernel

Affected Assets

7-zip
7-zip
≤ 22.01
netapp
active iq unified manager
all versions
netapp
oncommand workflow automation
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent integer underflow defects via input validation, bounds checking, and static analysis.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis can surface underflow flaws after they are introduced.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching can remediate known underflow bugs once they are discovered in deployed software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches integer underflow defects before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and arithmetic checks that prevent integer underflow.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements include bounds checking and safe arithmetic to avoid underflow conditions.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles require defensive coding patterns that mitigate integer wraparound risks.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe safe integer handling and overflow/underflow prevention.

References