Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-34990

RCE in Fortinet Fortiwlm 8.5.0 – 8.5.5

Published
18 December 2024
Modified
05 June 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.25 98th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-34990 is a critical-severity Relative Path Traversal (CWE-23) vulnerability in Fortinet Fortiwlm. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A relative path traversal vulnerability affects Fortinet FortiWLM versions 8.6.0 through 8.6.5 and 8.5.0 through 8.5.4. The flaw, tracked as CVE-2023-34990 and assigned CWE-23 and CWE-94, permits remote attackers to execute unauthorized code or commands by submitting specially crafted web requests to the affected wireless LAN management software.

Unauthenticated attackers with network access can exploit the issue without user interaction or credentials. Successful exploitation grants full control over the target system, including the ability to read, modify, or delete data and execute arbitrary commands, consistent with the CVSS 9.8 rating reflecting complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

The Fortinet advisory FG-IR-23-144 addresses the issue, though specific patch or workaround details are not enumerated in the supplied references. The EPSS score has remained stable at its peak value of 0.7287 with no indicated rise after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A relative path traversal in Fortinet FortiWLM version 8.6.0 through 8.6.5 and 8.5.0 through 8.5.4 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted web requests.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-42783Same product: Fortinet Fortiwlm
CVE-2024-21760Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2025-31365Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2023-45590Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2023-47542Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2024-40588Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2025-22859Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2023-40714Same vendor: Fortinet
CVE-2024-47051Shared CWE-23, CWE-94
CVE-2024-35274Same vendor: Fortinet

Affected Assets

fortinet
fortiwlm
8.5.0 — 8.5.5 · 8.6.0 — 8.6.6

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Explicit validation of path inputs stops .. sequences from ever being interpreted by the file system.

Access enforcement directly blocks unauthorized file reads/writes that result from unresolved .. sequences.

Information-flow rules can be configured to reject traversals that would move data outside an approved directory boundary.

Least privilege reduces the set of reachable files even when a traversal succeeds.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and path sanitization that prevent relative traversal.

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis, but does not itself implement the fix.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and path-handling controls that directly prevent relative path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against path traversal and other injection flaws.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include directory isolation and canonicalization, reducing but not eliminating traversal risk.

prevents

Secure coding standards require neutralizing path traversal sequences, directly addressing CWE-23.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files can be reached, mitigating impact but not preventing the traversal flaw.

References