CVE-2023-4009

Policy addresses roles, responsibilities, and privilege management to prevent improper privilege assignments.

Access supervision ensures privileges are assigned and managed without improper escalation or retention.

Assigning group/role memberships and access authorizations (privileges) while reviewing accounts addresses improper privilege management.

Enforces proper privilege management by requiring all decisions through the verified reference monitor.

By mandating division of duties across roles, the control enforces proper privilege management and prevents a single entity from controlling an entire sensitive process.

Implements core proper privilege management by restricting to only required rights.

Policy requires training on privilege management and least privilege, making it harder to exploit improper privilege management weaknesses.

Training covers proper privilege management practices, making incorrect privilege assignments less likely.

Secure SDLC practices directly enforce correct usage of privileged APIs during development.

A.5.15 directly mandates determining access requirements, defining/enforcing topic-specific access control policy, assigning rights/restrictions by entity/role, consistency with classification, need-to-know, privileged access restrictions, segregation, formal authorization, and dynamic rules — which stops most improper privilege management from being exploitable; bounded remainder is flawed implementation of those rules (e.g. incorrect mapping or enforcement bugs).

A.5.18 directly governs the provisioning, review, modification and timely revocation of access rights (including for role changes, termination and privilege levels), which stops most improper privilege spheres from being exploitable even if the assignment flaw exists; the bounded remainder is flaws in the underlying enforcement mechanism itself (e.g. AC-3/A.8.3)

Defining and communicating authorization levels for each role limits the assignment of excessive or unnecessary privileges.

Logging every use of privileges and protecting those records makes it harder for an attacker who has obtained elevated rights to operate without leaving evidence.

Restricting privileged utility programs limits the exposure of privileged APIs to misuse.

Privileged access rights directly govern the correct use of privileged APIs and reduce misuse.