CVE-2023-4474
Published: 30 November 2023
Summary
CVE-2023-4474 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Zyxel Nas326 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 5.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2023-4474 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) stemming from improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server component. It affects Zyxel NAS326 firmware version V5.21(AAZF.14)C0 and NAS542 firmware version V5.21(ABAG.11)C0, carrying a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the flaw by submitting a crafted URL to a vulnerable device, resulting in arbitrary operating-system command execution with full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Zyxel has published a security advisory covering authentication-bypass and command-injection issues in its NAS product line, alongside independent analysis from BugProve that details the affected firmware versions and exploitation vectors.
The EPSS score rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.1628 (current value 0.1341), indicating emerging exploitation interest after public disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-54329
Vulnerability details
The improper neutralization of special elements in the WSGI server of the Zyxel NAS326 firmware version V5.21(AAZF.14)C0 and NAS542 firmware version V5.21(ABAG.11)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted URL to…
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a vulnerable device.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.