Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-6342

RCE in Zyxel Nas326 Firmware ≤ 5.21\(aazf.18\)c0

Published
10 September 2024
Modified
22 January 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.021 80th percentile
Risk Priority 78 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-6342 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Zyxel Nas326 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 20% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability CVE-2024-6342 is an OS command injection issue, tracked as CWE-78, in the export-cgi program of Zyxel NAS326 firmware versions through V5.21(AAZF.18)C0 and NAS542 firmware versions through V5.21(ABAG.15)C0. The finding is marked unsupported when assigned and received a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the flaw by submitting a crafted HTTP POST request, enabling execution of arbitrary operating system commands and resulting in full control over the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected NAS device.

The referenced Zyxel security advisory addresses the command injection vulnerability in these NAS products and outlines mitigation steps for the listed firmware versions. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0660 with no material increase observed after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

**UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED** A command injection vulnerability in the export-cgi program of Zyxel NAS326 firmware versions through V5.21(AAZF.18)C0 and NAS542 firmware versions through V5.21(ABAG.15)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands by sending a crafted…

more

HTTP POST request.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-29972Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-4473Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-37928Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-35138Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2024-29973Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-37927Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-5372Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-4474Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-27988Same product: Zyxel Nas326
CVE-2023-27992Same product: Zyxel Nas326

Affected Assets

zyxel
nas326 firmware
5.21\(aazf.18\)c0 · ≤ 5.21\(aazf.18\)c0
zyxel
nas542 firmware
5.21\(abag.15\)c0 · ≤ 5.21\(abag.15\)c0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References