CVE-2023-45225
Memory Safety in Zavio Cf7500 Firmware m2.1.6.05
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-45225 is a critical-severity Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121) vulnerability in Zavio Cf7500 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Security Account Manager (T1003.002); ranked in the top 31% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
Zavio IP cameras including models CF7500, CF7300, CF7201, CF7501, CB3211, CB3212, CB5220, CB6231, B8520, B8220, and CD321 running firmware version M2.1.6.05 contain multiple stack-based buffer overflows. The flaws occur during parsing of specific XML elements in incoming network requests, where the software fails to validate buffer sizes before writing data, leading to out-of-bounds writes as described by CWE-121 and CWE-787.
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can send crafted XML requests to trigger the overflows and achieve remote code execution on the affected devices. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting that no authentication, user interaction, or special conditions are required for exploitation.
CISA has published ICS advisory ICSA-23-304-03 detailing the issue for industrial control systems operators.
The EPSS score for this CVE rose sharply from a low baseline after disclosure to a peak of 0.5954 on 2025-01-22 before receding, indicating that exploitation interest emerged well after the initial publication.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-49531
Vulnerability Data
Zavio CF7500, CF7300, CF7201, CF7501, CB3211, CB3212, CB5220, CB6231, B8520, B8220, and CD321 IP Cameras with firmware version M2.1.6.05 are vulnerable to multiple instances of stack-based overflows. While parsing certain XML elements from incoming network requests, the product does not…
more
sufficiently check or validate allocated buffer size. This may lead to remote code execution.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
—
—
- 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
—
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Out-of-bounds writes that corrupt control flow or inject shellcode are rendered non-executable by the same memory protections.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (higher-evidence rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
- V-248594 OL 8 must implement address space layout randomization (ASLR) to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. blocks CWE-121
Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
- V-271452 OL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. blocks CWE-121