Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-51364 is a high-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Qnap Qts. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Data Obfuscation (T1001); ranked in the top 1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
A path traversal vulnerability tracked as CVE-2023-51364 affects multiple versions of QNAP QTS, QuTS hero, and QuTScloud operating systems. Classified under CWE-22, the flaw allows an attacker to read the contents of files outside expected directories, exposing sensitive data over the network. It carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.7 with the vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H.
Remote unauthenticated attackers can exploit the issue across the network, although the high attack-complexity requirement applies. Successful exploitation can result in integrity and availability impacts with changed scope, while the confidentiality impact is rated as none in the CVSS assessment.
QNAP's security advisory QSA-24-14 states that the vulnerability has been addressed in QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later, QTS 4.5.4.2627 build 20231225 and later, QuTS hero h5.1.3.2578 build 20231110 and later, QuTS hero h4.5.4.2626 build 20231225 and later, and QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later. The current EPSS score of 0.1109, with a peak of 0.1136, indicates moderate exploitation probability without evidence of a sharp post-disclosure rise.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-56085
Vulnerability Data
A path traversal vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data via a network. We have already fixed the…
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vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later QTS 4.5.4.2627 build 20231225 and later QuTS hero h5.1.3.2578 build 20231110 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.2626 build 20231225 and later QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V5.3.2
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces the intended directory access authorizations that path traversal would otherwise bypass.
Input validation directly neutralizes special path elements before pathname construction occurs.
Least privilege reduces the impact of any unauthorized file access obtained via traversal.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.
PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.