Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-52163

Access Control in Digiever Ds-2105 Pro Firmware 3.1.0.71-11

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCAccess Control
Published
03 February 2025
Modified
24 December 2025
KEV Added
22 December 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.97 99.9th percentile
Risk Priority 90 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-52163 is a high-severity Missing Authorization (CWE-862) vulnerability in Digiever Ds-2105 Pro Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 0.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-24 (Access Control Decisions) and AC-25 (Reference Monitor) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-52163 is a command injection vulnerability in the time_tzsetup.cgi endpoint of Digiever DS-2105 Pro devices running firmware version 3.1.0.71-11. The flaw stems from missing authorization checks (CWE-862) that allow improper handling of user-supplied input, and the vendor has stated that the affected products are no longer supported.

An attacker with low-privileged network access can supply crafted parameters to the CGI script and execute arbitrary commands on the device. Successful exploitation yields full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system, consistent with the CVSS 8.8 rating.

Public advisories from Akamai, TXOne, and Fortinet document the issue and note the lack of vendor patches for unsupported hardware, while CISA has added the CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. The EPSS score rose sharply from low values after disclosure to a peak of 0.7554 in April 2026 before receding to the current 0.7266, indicating sustained post-disclosure exploitation interest against these IoT devices.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Digiever DS-2105 Pro 3.1.0.71-11 devices allow time_tzsetup.cgi Command Injection. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
22 December 2025

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions.
T1556 Modify Authentication Process Defense Impairment
Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2021-30657Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2025-20362Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2021-37976Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2024-57726Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2021-30713Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2022-0543Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2025-6205Shared CWE-862both on KEV
CVE-2025-43838Shared CWE-862
CVE-2023-7268Shared CWE-862
CVE-2024-1158Shared CWE-862

Affected Assets

digiever
ds-2105 pro firmware
3.1.0.71-11
digiever
ds-2105 pro\+ firmware
3.1.0.71-11

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 5 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 directly requires enforcement of authorization decisions on every access request, structurally eliminating missing authorization checks.

AC-24 mandates that access control decisions are applied to each request, preventing bypass of authorization logic.

AC-25 requires a tamperproof, always-invoked reference monitor that ensures authorization checks cannot be omitted.

AC-6 reduces the set of actions reachable without proper authorization, limiting blast radius of missing checks.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 full match
prevents

Explicitly requires defining, enforcing, and reviewing authorizations and least privilege, directly preventing missing authorization checks.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Requiring authentication and credentials before any access occurs eliminates the absence of authorization checks that would otherwise allow an unauthenticated actor to reach protected resources.

prevents

Requiring formal authorization of every access request before rights are granted ensures that checks for required permissions are performed, preventing missing authorization checks from being introduced.

prevents

Mandatory authorization checks and central records of granted rights ensure that every access attempt is preceded by an explicit decision rather than relying on missing checks.

mitigates

Segregating the approval of access rights from their implementation provides an independent check that reduces the impact of missing authorization checks in the resulting system configuration.

finds

By requiring competent outsiders to verify that every function enforces the need-to-know principle, the control lowers the likelihood that missing authorization checks persist undetected.

prevents

Defining authorization responsibilities and reviewing risk-treatment progress throughout the project lifecycle catches missing authorization checks before the system is deployed.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248581 OL 8 must require users to provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
  • V-252656 The OL 8 operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
RHEL 7 (2 rules)
  • V-251704 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862
  • V-204429 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be configured so that users must provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-862

References