Security Resilience

CVE-2024-12779

SSRF in Infiniflow Ragflow 0.12.0

Public PoCSSRF
Published
20 March 2025
Modified
01 April 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0066 50th percentile
Risk Priority 58 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2024-12779 is a high-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Infiniflow Ragflow. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique LSASS Memory (T1003.001); ranked in the top 50% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-12779 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability affecting infiniflow/ragflow version 0.12.0. The issue resides in the POST /v1/llm/add_llm and POST /v1/conversation/tts endpoints, where attackers can specify an arbitrary URL as the api_base parameter when adding an OPENAITTS model. This allows subsequent requests to the tts REST API endpoint to fetch and read contents from the attacker-controlled URL. The vulnerability is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) and is associated with CWE-918.

Any unauthenticated attacker with network access to the vulnerable RAGFlow instance can exploit this SSRF by first submitting a request to add an LLM model with a malicious api_base URL pointing to internal or restricted resources. They can then trigger the tts endpoint to proxy requests to that URL, enabling them to read sensitive data such as internal web services, metadata endpoints, or other backend resources inaccessible from the internet. This results in high confidentiality impact without requiring privileges, user interaction, or elevated complexity.

Details on the vulnerability, including potential patches or workarounds, are documented in advisories from the Huntr bug bounty program at https://huntr.com/bounties/3cc748ba-2afb-4bfe-8553-10eb6d6dd4f0.

RAGFlow is a framework for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) workflows involving large language models (LLMs), making this SSRF particularly relevant in AI/ML deployment environments where internal LLM APIs or data stores may be exposed. No public information on real-world exploitation is available as of the CVE publication on 2025-03-20.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in infiniflow/ragflow version 0.12.0. The vulnerability is present in the `POST /v1/llm/add_llm` and `POST /v1/conversation/tts` endpoints. Attackers can specify an arbitrary URL as the `api_base` when adding an `OPENAITTS` model, and subsequently access…

more

the `tts` REST API endpoint to read contents from the specified URL. This can lead to unauthorized access to internal web resources.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: llm

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1003.001 LSASS Memory Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS).
T1003.005 Cached Domain Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.
T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
T1021.002 SMB/Windows Admin Shares Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
T1021.004 SSH Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
T1021.007 Cloud Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-12450Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2024-53450Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2024-10131Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2026-28797Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2026-24770Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2024-12433Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2025-51462Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2024-12871Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2025-48187Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow
CVE-2025-68700Same product: Infiniflow Ragflow

Affected Assets

infiniflow
ragflow
0.12.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.6
  • V1.5.3
  • V5.3.2
  • V10.4.7

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Information flow enforcement can restrict which destinations the server is allowed to contact on behalf of users.

Input validation directly stops untrusted URLs from being accepted and fetched without destination checks.

Boundary protection limits the network reach of server-initiated requests even if SSRF occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

DE.CM-09 partial match
blocks

Runtime monitoring of web applications and services can detect anomalous outbound requests indicative of SSRF.

ID.RA-01 partial match
blocks

Vulnerability identification processes can discover and record SSRF flaws in web applications.

PR.IR-01 partial match
blocks

Network segmentation and egress controls can limit the damage from successful SSRF requests.

PR.PS-06 partial match
blocks

Secure development practices directly include input validation and destination allow-listing that prevent SSRF.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

removes
removes
removes
removes

References