Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21385

High

Published: 09 January 2025

Published
09 January 2025
Modified
05 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.4832 97.8th percentile
Risk Priority 47 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21385 is a high-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Microsoft Purview. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 2.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-7 (Boundary Protection) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the SSRF vulnerability by requiring timely patching and flaw remediation as specified in the Microsoft advisory.

prevent

Prevents SSRF exploitation by validating inputs that could be used to forge unauthorized server-side network requests.

prevent

Enforces boundary protections to restrict outbound connections, blocking unauthorized network requests triggered by SSRF.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

SSRF in a network-accessible Microsoft Purview service directly enables remote exploitation of a public-facing application to force unauthorized server-side requests and information disclosure.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Microsoft Purview allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21385 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability, classified under CWE-918, affecting Microsoft Purview. Published on January 9, 2025, it enables an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An authorized attacker with low privileges can exploit this SSRF remotely over the network with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to force the server to make unauthorized requests, leading to sensitive information disclosure across the network, as well as potential integrity and availability disruptions aligned with the high CVSS impact metrics.

For mitigation details, refer to the official Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21385, which provides guidance on patches and workarounds.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
purview
all versions

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-26139Same product: Microsoft Purview
CVE-2026-26138Same product: Microsoft Purview
CVE-2026-32210Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-35431Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-53762Same product: Microsoft Purview
CVE-2026-26120Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-21177Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-32169Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-59503Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-26137Same vendor: Microsoft

References