Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-12828

HighRCE

Published: 30 December 2024

Published
30 December 2024
Modified
14 August 2025
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.2172 95.9th percentile
Risk Priority 31 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-12828 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Webmin Webmin. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 4.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2024-12828 is a command injection vulnerability in Webmin that permits remote code execution. The flaw lies in the handling of CGI requests, where a user-supplied string is used in a system call without adequate validation, and it is tracked under CWE-78. Affected installations allow an authenticated attacker to run arbitrary commands.

An attacker who has already authenticated to Webmin can supply a crafted string via CGI handling to achieve code execution in the context of the root user. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 with network attack vector, low complexity, and no user interaction required.

A patch addressing the issue appears in the authentic-theme repository, referenced by commit 61e5b10227b50407e3c6ac494ffbd4385d1b59df, and further details are available in ZDI-24-1725. The EPSS score has remained flat at its peak value of 0.2172 with no material increase observed after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Webmin CGI Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Webmin. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of CGI requests. The…

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issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-22346.

CWE(s)
CWE-78

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

webmin
webmin
2.104

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-27 Platform-independent Applications
addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References