Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-37061

RCE in Lfprojects Mlflow ≥ 1.11.0

Public PoCRCE
Published
04 June 2024
Modified
03 February 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0088 56th percentile
Risk Priority 72 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-37061 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Lfprojects Mlflow. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 44% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Other AI Platforms; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-37061 is a remote code execution vulnerability affecting the MLflow platform in versions 1.11.0 and newer. It stems from improper control of code generation, tracked as CWE-94, and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8. The flaw allows a maliciously crafted MLproject file to trigger arbitrary code execution on an end user's system when the project is run.

An attacker can supply the crafted MLproject to a victim, who then executes it through MLflow; because the vector requires no privileges and only routine user interaction, the attacker achieves full code execution with impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the target system.

The EPSS score for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0736 on 2025-12-11 before receding to the current value of 0.0395, indicating post-disclosure exploitation interest. Public advisories from HiddenLayer detail the issue and are available at the referenced URLs.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Remote Code Execution can occur in versions of the MLflow platform running version 1.11.0 or newer, enabling a maliciously crafted MLproject to execute arbitrary code on an end user’s system when run.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Other AI Platforms
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
MLflow is an open-source platform for managing the ML lifecycle, including model logging, tracking, and loading. The vulnerability involves RCE via malicious MLproject files or deserialization in model loaders (e.g., sklearn, pyfunc, pmdarima, lightgbm integrations), confirming it affects an AI/ML platform.

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-14287Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2023-6018Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37055Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37056Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37054Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37060Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37053Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37058Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37059Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow
CVE-2024-37057Same product: Lfprojects Mlflow

Affected Assets

lfprojects
mlflow
≥ 1.11.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References