Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-38277

Crypto Weakness in Moodle 4.1.0 – 4.1.11

Published
18 June 2024
Modified
07 August 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0024 16th percentile
Risk Priority 42 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-38277 is a medium-severity Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date (CWE-324) vulnerability in Moodle Moodle. Its CVSS base score is 5.4 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Brute Force (T1110); ranked at the 16th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-5 (Authenticator Management) and SC-12 (Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A unique key should be generated for a user's QR login key and their auto-login key, so the same key cannot be used interchangeably between the two.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
T1110.002 Password Cracking Credential Access
Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained.
T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-28333Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-25978Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-38276Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-25980Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-38274Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-25981Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2023-28336Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-25982Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-25979Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-38273Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora

Affected Assets

moodle
moodle
4.4.0 · 4.1.0 — 4.1.11 · 4.2.0 — 4.2.8 · 4.3.0 — 4.3.5
fedoraproject
fedora
39, 40

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 14 hardening rules · 7 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V11.4.2
  • V14.1.2
  • V14.2.4

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SC-12 requires establishing and managing cryptographic keys including distribution, storage, access and destruction, which directly enforces expiration and rotation policies.

SC-13 requires selection and implementation of specific cryptographic algorithms and key lengths, directly preventing use of inadequate encryption strength.

IA-5 requires managing authenticators (including passwords and tokens) with verification, distribution and revocation steps that cover expiration enforcement.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.DS-01 mostly match
prevents

Strong encryption is required to protect confidentiality of data-at-rest.

PR.DS-02 mostly match
prevents

Strong encryption is required to protect confidentiality of data-in-transit.

ID.AM-08 partial match
prevents

Lifecycle management of cryptographic assets directly includes enforcing key expiration and rotation.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened baselines can enforce minimum cryptographic algorithm and key-length settings.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Use-of-cryptography control explicitly covers key lifecycle management including expiration and rotation.

prevents

Authentication information policy should mandate key rotation and expiry, directly preventing use of expired keys.

mitigates

Change-management processes can trigger key rotation, but do not inherently enforce cryptographic expiry rules.

degrades

Secure authentication requires cryptographic keys to be replaced before expiry, mitigating the weakness.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271756 OL 9 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-326
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-230224 All RHEL 8 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-326
RHEL 9 (1 rule)
  • V-257879 RHEL 9 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at rest protection. prevents CWE-326
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
  • V-224843 Systems requiring data at rest protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. prevents CWE-326

References