Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-39788

Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8 Firmware m33a8.v5030.210505

Public PoC
Published
14 January 2025
Modified
03 November 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 9.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.015 72th percentile
Risk Priority 61 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-39788 is a critical-severity External Control of System or Configuration Setting (CWE-15) vulnerability in Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable (T1574.007); ranked in the top 28% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-39788 involves multiple external config control vulnerabilities in the nas.cgi set_ftp_cfg() functionality of the Wavlink AC3000 router running firmware version M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to permission bypass, with a specific configuration injection vulnerability in the ftp_name POST parameter. The vulnerability, published on 2025-01-14, is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-15 (External Control of File Name or Path).

An authenticated attacker with high privileges (PR:H) can exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a specially crafted HTTP request over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction required (UI:N). Exploitation triggers permission bypass and configuration injection, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, along with a change in scope (S:C).

Mitigation details are provided in the Talos Intelligence advisory TALOS-2024-2056, available at https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2056.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A02:2025 Security Misconfiguration

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Multiple external config control vulnerabilities exist in the nas.cgi set_ftp_cfg() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to permission bypass. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger these vulnerabilities.A configuration injection vulnerability…

more

exists within the `ftp_name` POST parameter.

CWE(s)
CWE-15

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1574.007 Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable Stealth
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables used to load libraries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1547.004 Winlogon Helper DLL Persistence
Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in.
attack.mitre.org →
T1547.014 Active Setup Persistence
Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine.
attack.mitre.org →
T1574 Hijack Execution Flow Stealth
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.
attack.mitre.org →
T1574.006 Dynamic Linker Hijacking Stealth
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1574.012 COR_PROFILER Stealth
Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-39793Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39800Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39602Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39789Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39790Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-38666Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39799Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39794Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39795Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8
CVE-2024-39798Same product: Wavlink Wl-Wn533A8

Affected Assets

wavlink
wl-wn533a8 firmware
m33a8.v5030.210505

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 4 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

—

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

Enforces approved authorizations for logical access to configuration resources so external parties cannot alter them.

CM-5 Access Restrictions for Change good match

Enforces documented access restrictions on all changes to system configuration, directly blocking unauthorized external control of settings.

AC-6 Least Privilege good match

Limits privileges to the minimum needed, reducing the set of users who can externally modify configuration.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines and change controls directly limit external manipulation of settings.

ID.RA-07 partial match
prevents

Formal change and exception management catches externally driven configuration alterations.

PR.AA-05 partial match
prevents

Least-privilege access policies reduce unauthorized external modification of configuration values.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.9 Configuration management full match
degrades

Configuration management directly prevents external tampering with system settings.

A.5.18 Access rights mostly match
prevents

Access rights assignment determines who may change system settings.

A.8.2 Privileged access rights mostly match
prevents

Privileged access rights reduce the number of users who can alter configuration.

A.8.3 Information access restriction mostly match
prevents

Information access restriction limits who can view or modify configuration data.

A.8.32 Change management mostly match
prevents

Change management enforces controlled, authorized modifications to settings.

A.5.15 Access control partial match
prevents

Access control policies underpin the technical restrictions on configuration changes.

References