Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-43639

Microsoft Windows Server 2012 r2

Published
12 November 2024
Modified
18 November 2024
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.087 95th percentile
Risk Priority 81 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-43639 is a critical-severity Numeric Truncation Error (CWE-197) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability CVE-2024-43639 is a remote code execution flaw in the Windows KDC Proxy component, carrying a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 under the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H and mapped to CWE-197.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit the issue without user interaction to achieve arbitrary code execution, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on affected Windows systems.

Microsoft published an advisory for the vulnerability at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-43639. The associated EPSS score rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.1276 on 2025-12-11 before receding to the current value of 0.0285, indicating that exploitation interest emerged after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Windows KDC Proxy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-38044Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49679Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2026-40409Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-49125Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-49128Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-49085Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-49086Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-21377Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-49119Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2016
CVE-2025-21225Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2016

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.7515
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.6532
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.2849
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1251
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.2314

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover truncation errors through static analysis, dynamic testing, or code review.

Documented development standards and tools can mandate use of safe arithmetic libraries or explicit checks against truncation.

Engineering principles can require safe type conversions and avoidance of narrowing casts that cause truncation.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent truncation errors via reviews, static analysis, and safe type handling.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect truncation bugs through static analysis and fuzzing.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates practices that can catch numeric truncation during design and code review.

degrades

Application security requirements can specify safe numeric handling and data-type constraints.

degrades

Secure architecture principles include choosing appropriate data types and avoiding unsafe casts.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prohibit unsafe narrowing conversions and truncation.

References