Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-4985

Auth Bypass in Github Enterprise Server ≤ 3.9.15

Published
20 May 2024
Modified
27 August 2025
CVSS Score v4 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red
EPSS Score 0.026 84th percentile
Risk Priority 51 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-4985 is a critical-severity Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm (CWE-303) vulnerability in Github Enterprise Server. Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique External Remote Services (T1133); ranked in the top 16% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An authentication bypass vulnerability was present in the GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES) when utilizing SAML single sign-on authentication with the optional encrypted assertions feature. This vulnerability allowed an attacker to forge a SAML response to provision and/or gain access to…

more

a user with site administrator privileges. Exploitation of this vulnerability would allow unauthorized access to the instance without requiring prior authentication. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.13.0 and was fixed in versions 3.9.15, 3.10.12, 3.11.10 and 3.12.4. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-6736Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2024-5746Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2023-22380Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2026-8606Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2023-23760Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2026-5921Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2024-2748Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2026-3306Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2026-9312Same product: Github Enterprise Server
CVE-2023-46645Same product: Github Enterprise Server

Affected Assets

github
enterprise server
≤ 3.9.15 · 3.10.0 — 3.10.12 · 3.11.0 — 3.11.10

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation at post-design stages directly uncovers incorrect implementations of required authentication algorithms.

Requiring documented development processes, standards, and tools reduces the chance that an established authentication algorithm is coded incorrectly.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require correct implementation of authentication algorithms.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

degrades

Secure authentication control directly requires correct implementation of authentication algorithms.

finds

Security testing can detect flawed authentication implementations but does not prevent them by itself.

degrades

Cryptography control addresses proper use of authentication algorithms but is broader than authentication alone.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle includes verification steps that can catch incorrect authentication implementations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify correct authentication algorithm use but do not guarantee correct implementation.

prevents

Secure coding practices reduce the likelihood of incorrect authentication algorithm implementation.

References