Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-51738

Auth Bypass in Lizardbyte Sunshine ≤ 2025.118.151840

Published
20 January 2025
Modified
11 September 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 7.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0057 44th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-51738 is a high-severity Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness (CWE-305) vulnerability in Lizardbyte Sunshine. Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 44th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-2 (Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users)) and IA-8 (Identification and Authentication (Non-organizational Users)) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-51738 affects Sunshine, a self-hosted game stream host for Moonlight, in versions 0.23.1 and earlier. The vulnerability stems from the pairing protocol implementation, which fails to validate request order, enabling a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack. This issue is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-305 (Incorrect Inheritance of Permissions), CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference), and CWE-841 (Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow).

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by positioning themselves between a legitimate client and the Sunshine server during a pairing attempt. By hijacking the pairing process, the attacker can successfully pair their own client, potentially gaining unauthorized access to the game streaming service. Additionally, the flaw allows a remote attacker to crash the Sunshine instance.

The vulnerability has been fixed in version 2025.118.151840. Security practitioners should update to this patched version. Relevant details are available in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/LizardByte/Sunshine/security/advisories/GHSA-3hrw-xv8h-9499 and the fixing commit at https://github.com/LizardByte/Sunshine/commit/89f097ae65277d42b5d40163d09d92e412e6d7dd.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Sunshine is a self-hosted game stream host for Moonlight. In 0.23.1 and earlier, Sunshine's pairing protocol implementation does not validate request order and is thereby vulnerable to a MITM attack, potentially allowing an unauthenticated attacker to pair a client by…

more

hijacking a legitimate pairing attempt. This bug may also be used by a remote attacker to crash Sunshine. This vulnerability is fixed in 2025.118.151840.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
T1489 Service Stop Impact
Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.
T1657 Financial Theft Impact
Adversaries may steal monetary resources from targets through extortion, social engineering, technical theft, or other methods aimed at their own financial gain at the expense of the availability of these resources for victims.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-53095Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2024-31220Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2026-32253Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2024-45407Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2024-31221Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2025-53096Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2024-31226Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2025-10199Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2025-54081Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine
CVE-2025-10198Same product: Lizardbyte Sunshine

Affected Assets

lizardbyte
sunshine
≤ 2025.118.151840

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 5 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V6.4.3
  • V7.2.4
  • V7.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Requires unique identification and authentication of users, structurally blocking bypass of the mechanism.

Requires unique identification and authentication of non-organizational users, blocking bypass paths.

Developer testing and evaluation (including static analysis) directly finds null-dereference bugs before deployment.

Enforces approved authorizations so a bypass weakness cannot be exploited to reach resources.

Re-authentication requirements can be placed at critical workflow steps to ensure the actor has performed prior behaviors.

Documented development standards and tools can enforce null-safety rules and safe pointer usage.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure development practices throughout the SDLC prevent the primary weaknesses that enable authentication bypass.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Strong authentication mechanisms and policy enforcement directly reduce bypass opportunities arising from implementation flaws.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying and recording vulnerabilities catches the primary weaknesses that allow authentication bypass.

PR.AA-05 partial match
prevents

Enforcing authorization policies can include sequence constraints on multi-step actions.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines can embed required workflow ordering rules.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect authentication bypass conditions before deployment.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle reduces likelihood of introducing bypass flaws during implementation.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify input validation and pointer-safety rules.

prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage defensive design that avoids unsafe pointer use.

prevents

Secure coding practices help prevent the primary weakness that enables authentication bypass.

mitigates

Information access restriction complements authentication by limiting what can be reached even if bypass occurs.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260470 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, when booted, must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-305
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270675 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS when booted must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-305

References