Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-55877

RCE in Xwiki 9.7 – 15.10.11

Public PoCRCE
Published
12 December 2024
Modified
30 April 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.016 73th percentile
Risk Priority 92 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-55877 is a critical-severity Static Code Injection (CWE-96) vulnerability in Xwiki Xwiki. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 27% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

XWiki Platform, a generic wiki platform, contains a remote code execution vulnerability affecting all versions from 9.7-rc-1 through 15.10.10, 16.4.0, and 16.4.x prior to the listed fixes. The flaw stems from insufficient restrictions on the XWiki.WikiMacroClass, allowing any authenticated user to register and execute arbitrary macros on any page, which directly enables code injection as indicated by the associated CWEs.

Any user holding a standard account can exploit the issue over the network without user interaction to achieve full remote code execution. Successful exploitation grants complete control over the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the entire XWiki installation due to the macro execution context running with elevated privileges.

Public advisories and the accompanying patches state that the vulnerability is resolved in XWiki 15.10.11, 16.4.1, and 16.5.0. The project also notes that administrators can manually back-port the change to the page XWiki.XWikiSyntaxMacrosList as a temporary workaround, with the fix commit and Jira issue XWIKI-22030 providing the technical details.

EPSS scores for this CVE rose from lower values to a peak of 0.6411 on 2025-12-11 before receding to the current 0.3339, indicating a period of increased exploitation interest following disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform. Starting in version 9.7-rc-1 and prior to versions 15.10.11, 16.4.1, and 16.5.0, any user with an account can perform arbitrary remote code execution by adding instances of `XWiki.WikiMacroClass` to any page. This compromises…

more

the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation. This vulnerability has been fixed in XWiki 15.10.11, 16.4.1 and 16.5.0. It is possible to manually apply the patch to the page `XWiki.XWikiSyntaxMacrosList` as a workaround.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-37900Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2024-55662Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-46243Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-37914Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2024-37899Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-26477Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-40177Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-29210Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-35152Same product: Xwiki Xwiki
CVE-2023-35150Same product: Xwiki Xwiki

Affected Assets

xwiki
xwiki
16.5.0 · 9.7 — 15.10.11 · 16.0.0 — 16.4.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1
  • V1.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing neutralization of directives in saved code artifacts.

Input validation directly stops unneutralized directives from being inserted into static code resources.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Engineering principles include secure input handling and neutralization requirements that structurally avoid static injection.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input neutralization to block static code injection into templates, configs, or libraries.

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance will detect static code injection but does not prevent it at the source.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and sanitization that directly prevents static code injection.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for neutralizing untrusted input before it is stored in executable resources.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce injection surfaces but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques.

prevents

Secure coding explicitly requires proper neutralization of directives in templates, libraries and configuration files.

mitigates

Change management can catch unsafe code changes but does not enforce input neutralization.

References