Cyber Posture

CVE-2024-57078

High

Published: 05 February 2025

Published
05 February 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0019 40.6th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-57078 is a high-severity Prototype Pollution (CWE-1321) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 40.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-2 mandates timely identification, reporting, and remediation of flaws like the prototype pollution vulnerability in cli-util v1.1.27 to prevent DoS exploitation.

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of untrusted inputs to block crafted payloads that exploit the lib.merge function's prototype pollution leading to DoS.

prevent

SC-5 implements protections to limit the effects of DoS events, including application crashes from prototype pollution attacks.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Prototype pollution leads directly to application DoS via crafted input exploitation (T1499.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A prototype pollution in the lib.merge function of cli-util v1.1.27 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-57078 is a prototype pollution vulnerability in the lib.merge function of cli-util version 1.1.27. This flaw allows attackers to supply a crafted payload that pollutes the JavaScript prototype chain, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321 and has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant availability impact without requiring authentication or user interaction.

The attack scenario involves remote attackers who can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity. No privileges or user interaction are needed, enabling unauthenticated attackers to send a specially crafted payload to applications using the affected cli-util library. Successful exploitation results in a DoS, disrupting service availability by crashing or hanging the targeted application.

Advisories and additional details are provided in the reference at https://gist.github.com/tariqhawis/b58d7274d67e7b9fed4bd51368388a23, which likely includes proof-of-concept information or further technical analysis relevant to mitigation strategies.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-70956Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57065Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57071Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57063Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57084Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57086Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2026-32886Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2025-57350Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2024-57072Shared CWE-1321
CVE-2025-57321Shared CWE-1321

References