Cyber Posture

CVE-2024-57177

High

Published: 10 February 2025

Published
10 February 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0015 34.5th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-57177 is a high-severity Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.3 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 34.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the host header injection vulnerability in perfood/couch-auth <=0.21.2 by applying patches or upgrading to a fixed version.

prevent

Enforces validation of untrusted inputs such as specially crafted host headers in email change confirmation requests to prevent SSTI exploitation.

prevent

Restricts host headers to organization-defined valid values, blocking injection payloads that trigger SSTI in the CouchDB auth package.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Why these techniques?

Host header injection triggers SSTI enabling remote unauthenticated command execution on a public-facing Node.js auth package (T1190); SSTI directly yields limited OS command execution (T1059).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A host header injection vulnerability exists in the NPM package of perfood/couch-auth <= 0.21.2. By sending a specially crafted host header in the email change confirmation request, it is possible to trigger a SSTI which can be leveraged to run…

more

limited commands or leak server-side information

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-57177 is a host header injection vulnerability in the NPM package perfood/couch-auth versions <= 0.21.2. By sending a specially crafted host header in the email change confirmation request, attackers can trigger a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which can be leveraged to run limited commands or leak server-side information. The vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 7.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and is classified under CWE-1336.

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network by unauthenticated attackers with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows limited command execution or disclosure of server-side information, leading to low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the unchanged scope.

Mitigation details, advisories, and patches are available in the referenced GitHub repositories: https://github.com/perfood/couch-auth and https://github.com/waristea/cve-research/tree/main/CVE-2024-57177.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1040Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2024-54954Shared CWE-1336
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CVE-2026-21449Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2026-25526Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2025-49828Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2026-34587Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2025-53909Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2026-22244Shared CWE-1336
CVE-2026-3725Shared CWE-1336

References