Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-58294

RCE in Sangoma Freepbx 16.0

Published
11 December 2025
Modified
15 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.036 88th percentile
Risk Priority 44 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-58294 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Sangoma Freepbx. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 12% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-58294 is an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability in FreePBX 16, specifically within the API module. The flaw arises from bash command injection in the 'generatedocs' endpoint, enabling attackers with valid session credentials to execute arbitrary commands. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command).

An attacker requires low-privilege authenticated access, such as valid session credentials, to exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction. By crafting malicious POST requests to the 'generatedocs' endpoint, the attacker can inject bash commands, leading to arbitrary command execution and the establishment of remote shell access on the affected FreePBX 16 system.

Advisories and related resources include a Vulncheck advisory detailing the authenticated RCE via the API module, a proof-of-concept exploit published on Exploit-DB at https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52031, the official FreePBX website at https://www.freepbx.org/, and a YouTube video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rqFJ0BxwlLI. The CVE was published on 2025-12-11.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

FreePBX 16 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability in the API module that allows attackers with valid session credentials to execute arbitrary commands. Attackers can exploit the 'generatedocs' endpoint by crafting malicious POST requests with bash command injection to…

more

establish remote shell access.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-55211Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-28287Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-28209Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2024-53564Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2025-67736Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-28284Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2025-59056Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-44238Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-28210Same product: Sangoma Freepbx
CVE-2026-44239Same product: Sangoma Freepbx

Affected Assets

sangoma
freepbx
16.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References