Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2025-1011 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-1011 is a vulnerability in the WebAssembly code generation component of Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird products. The issue manifests as a bug that could cause a crash and potentially be leveraged by an attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution. It affects versions of Firefox prior to 135, Firefox ESR prior to 128.7, Thunderbird prior to 128.7, and Thunderbird prior to 135, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and association to CWE-94 (Code Injection).
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no required privileges, though it necessitates user interaction, such as visiting a malicious site or opening a crafted file. Successful exploitation could result in high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability violations, including the potential for code execution within the browser's sandboxed environment.
Mozilla addressed the vulnerability in Firefox 135, Firefox ESR 128.7, Thunderbird 128.7, and Thunderbird 135, as detailed in security advisories MFSA 2025-07, MFSA 2025-09, MFSA 2025-10, and MFSA 2025-11, along with Bugzilla entry 1936454. Security practitioners should prioritize updating affected products to these patched versions to mitigate the risk.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-1966
Vulnerability Data
A bug in WebAssembly code generation could have lead to a crash. It may have been possible for an attacker to leverage this to achieve code execution. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 135, Firefox ESR 128.7, Thunderbird 128.7, and…
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Thunderbird 135.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.3.1
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.
Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.
Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.
Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).
PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.
Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.