CVE-2025-12556

High

Published: 06 November 2025

Published

06 November 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v4 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Score 0.0010 28.1th percentile

Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-12556 is a high-severity Argument Injection (CWE-88) vulnerability in Cisa (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked at the 28.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-12556 is an argument injection vulnerability, classified under CWE-88, that exists in the affected product. It could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the host machine. The vulnerability was published on 2025-11-06T16:15:48.910 and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to network accessibility, low complexity, and significant impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L) and without requiring user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution in the context of the host machine, potentially leading to high-level compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the unchanged scope (S:U).

Further details on mitigation are available in the CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-308-05 at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-308-05.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-38035

Vulnerability details

An argument injection vulnerability exists in the affected product that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the host machine.

CWE(s): CWE-88

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement

Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation

Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Argument injection (CWE-88) enables remote low-privilege (PR:L) arbitrary code execution over network (AV:N), directly facilitating Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210) and Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0