CVE-2025-1259

High

Published: 04 March 2025

Published

04 March 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.7 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0015 34.6th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1259 is a high-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Arista EOS (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Network Device Configuration Dump (T1602.002); ranked at the 34.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Network Device Configuration Dump (T1602.002). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

prevent

Directly enforces approved authorizations for logical access, addressing the core failure to reject unauthorized gNOI requests in Arista EOS OpenConfig.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Requires identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like the improper access control in gNOI request handling, enabling patching per Arista advisory.

AC-6 Least Privilege partial match

prevent

Limits privileges to the minimum necessary, mitigating unauthorized data disclosure by low-privileged (PR:L) users exploiting the gNOI vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1602.002 Network Device Configuration Dump Collection

Adversaries may access network configuration files to collect sensitive data about the device and the network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Improper access control in gNOI allows low-priv authenticated users to bypass rejection logic and retrieve unauthorized data from the network device, directly enabling network device configuration/state data collection.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

On affected platforms running Arista EOS with OpenConfig configured, a gNOI request can be run when it should have been rejected. This issue can result in users retrieving data that should not have been available

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1259 affects Arista EOS platforms with OpenConfig configured, where a gNOI request can be executed even when it should be rejected. This improper access control vulnerability, classified under CWE-284, enables users to retrieve data that is not intended to be available to them. The issue carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.7 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N), highlighting high confidentiality impact with network accessibility and low attack complexity.

Exploitation requires low privileges (PR:L) over the network without user interaction. A malicious authenticated user can send a gNOI request that circumvents rejection logic, achieving scoped high-impact unauthorized data disclosure from the affected EOS instance.

Arista has issued a security advisory providing details on mitigations and patches at https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/21098-security-advisory-0111. Security practitioners should consult this for specific remediation steps.