Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-1545

Watchguard Fireware 2025.1 – 2025.1.3

Published
04 December 2025
Modified
10 August 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0049 39th percentile
Risk Priority 44 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1545 is a high-severity aka Blind XPath Injection (CWE-91) vulnerability in Watchguard Fireware. Its CVSS base score is 8.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Content Injection (T1659); ranked at the 39th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An XPath Injection vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to retrieve sensitive information from the Firebox configuration through an exposed authentication or management web interface. This vulnerability only affects Firebox systems that have at least…

more

one authentication hotspot configured.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-13937Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2025-13936Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2025-13938Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2025-13939Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13054Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13374Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13373Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13377Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13375Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270
CVE-2026-13376Same product: Watchguard Firebox M270

Affected Assets

watchguard
fireware
2025.1 — 2025.1.3 · 11.11 — 12.11.5 · 11.11 — 12.5.14

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Input validation directly stops unneutralized XML metacharacters from reaching the parser.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC directly requires input neutralization and validation that eliminates XML injection flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing catches XML injection during development but does not itself implement the fix.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging can record injection attempts for detection but does not prevent the weakness.

finds

Monitoring can detect exploitation but provides no preventive control over XML handling.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and output encoding that directly prevent XML injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for defenses against injection flaws including XML.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce attack surface but do not prescribe XML-specific controls.

References