Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-15528

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 16 January 2026

Published
16 January 2026
Modified
23 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0008 22.6th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-15528 is a medium-severity Improper Resource Shutdown or Release (CWE-404) vulnerability in Open5Gs Open5Gs. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 22.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-404

Contingency plan updates incorporate proper resource shutdown and release steps, preventing attackers from leveraging incomplete cleanup during recovery scenarios.

addresses: CWE-404

Mandates explicit shutdown of the network connection at session conclusion, directly addressing improper resource release.

addresses: CWE-404

Requires proper shutdown/release procedures that include overwriting or isolating data to block unintended transfer via reused system objects.

addresses: CWE-404

Procedures can mandate orderly shutdown or release of resources when failures occur, preventing improper resource handling after a fault.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated exploitation of public-facing GTPv2 service directly matches T1190; resulting DoS via component manipulation matches T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability has been found in Open5GS up to 2.7.6. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component GTPv2 Bearer Response Handler. Such manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit…

more

has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The name of the patch is 98f76e98df35cd6a35e868aa62715db7f8141ac1. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-15528 is a vulnerability in Open5GS versions up to 2.7.6 that affects an unknown functionality of the GTPv2 Bearer Response Handler component. Manipulation of this component leads to a denial of service condition, classified under CWE-404 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by unauthenticated attackers with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation results in low-impact disruption to service availability, without affecting confidentiality or integrity.

Mitigation is available via a patch released by the Open5GS project at GitHub commit 98f76e98df35cd6a35e868aa62715db7f8141ac1, which should be applied to remediate the issue. Additional details are documented in GitHub issues #4225 and the related comment #3769531006.

The exploit has been disclosed to the public, potentially enabling its use by adversaries.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

open5gs
open5gs
≤ 2.7.6

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-2517Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2025-15539Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-4240Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2025-1893Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2025-15529Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-1521Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-1522Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2025-1925Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-1586Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-2524Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs

References