Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23193

Medium

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
23 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0014 33.0th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23193 is a medium-severity Observable Response Discrepancy (CWE-204) vulnerability in Sap Sap Basis. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Discovery (T1087); ranked at the 33.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-11 (Error Handling) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Account Discovery (T1087) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-11 requires error messages to avoid revealing exploitable information like user existence, directly mitigating the observable response discrepancy in CVE-2025-23193.

prevent

SI-2 mandates timely flaw remediation, such as applying SAP patches for this specific information disclosure vulnerability.

detect

AU-13 enables monitoring for events signaling information disclosure, such as anomalous requests probing user enumeration in CVE-2025-23193.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1087 Account Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.
T1110.001 Password Guessing Credential Access
Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability enables remote enumeration of valid usernames via response discrepancies (T1087 Account Discovery) and directly facilitates credential guessing/brute force (T1110.001 Password Guessing).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

SAP NetWeaver Server ABAP allows an unauthenticated attacker to exploit a vulnerability that causes the server to respond differently based on the existence of a specified user, potentially revealing sensitive information. This issue does not enable data modification and has…

more

no impact on server availability.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23193 is an information disclosure vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver Server ABAP. It allows an unauthenticated attacker to exploit differences in server responses based on the existence of a specified user, potentially revealing sensitive information about valid usernames. The issue is classified under CWE-204 (Observable Response Discrepancy) and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N), indicating medium severity with low confidentiality impact and no effects on integrity or availability.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access to the SAP NetWeaver Server ABAP can exploit this vulnerability remotely with low complexity and no user interaction required. By sending crafted requests specifying particular users, the attacker can enumerate valid user accounts through observable differences in server responses, aiding further attacks like credential guessing, but without enabling data modification or service disruption.

SAP advisories provide mitigation details, including a security note at https://me.sap.com/notes/3561264 and patches released as part of SAP Security Patch Day at https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday. Security practitioners should apply these updates promptly to affected systems.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

sap
sap basis
700, 701, 702, 731, 740

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-0066Same product: Sap Sap Basis
CVE-2026-23687Same product: Sap Sap Basis
CVE-2025-0063Same product: Sap Sap Basis
CVE-2025-0064Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-24322Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-23689Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-0500Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-0490Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2025-0061Same vendor: Sap
CVE-2026-4113Shared CWE-204

References