Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23384

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
12 May 2026
CVSS Score v4 6.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0027 19th percentile
Risk Priority 39 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23384 is a medium-severity Partial String Comparison (CWE-187) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 19th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) EU (6GK6108-4AM00-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), RUGGEDCOM RM1224 LTE(4G) NAM (6GK6108-4AM00-2DA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M804PB (6GK5804-0AP00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M812-1 ADSL-Router family (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE…

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M816-1 ADSL-Router family (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M826-2 SHDSL-Router (6GK5826-2AB00-2AB2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M874-2 (6GK5874-2AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M874-3 (6GK5874-3AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M874-3 3G-Router (CN) (6GK5874-3AA00-2FA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M876-3 (6GK5876-3AA02-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M876-3 (ROK) (6GK5876-3AA02-2EA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M876-4 (6GK5876-4AA10-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M876-4 (EU) (6GK5876-4AA00-2BA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE M876-4 (NAM) (6GK5876-4AA00-2DA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUB852-1 (A1) (6GK5852-1EA10-1AA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUB852-1 (B1) (6GK5852-1EA10-1BA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (A1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2AA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (B1) (6GK5853-2EA10-2BA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM853-1 (EU) (6GK5853-2EA00-2DA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (A1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3AA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (B1) (6GK5856-2EA10-3BA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (CN) (6GK5856-2EA00-3FA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (EU) (6GK5856-2EA00-3DA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE MUM856-1 (RoW) (6GK5856-2EA00-3AA1) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE S615 EEC LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA01-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE S615 LAN-Router (6GK5615-0AA00-2AA2) (All versions < V8.2.1), SCALANCE SC622-2C (6GK5622-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2), SCALANCE SC626-2C (6GK5626-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2), SCALANCE SC632-2C (6GK5632-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2), SCALANCE SC636-2C (6GK5636-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2), SCALANCE SC642-2C (6GK5642-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2), SCALANCE SC646-2C (6GK5646-2GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V3.2). Affected devices improperly validate usernames during OpenVPN authentication. This could allow an attacker to get partial invalid usernames accepted by the server.

CWE(s)
CWE-187

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-44837Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-55602Shared CWE-187
CVE-2024-39742Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-14687Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-45692Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-35031Shared CWE-187
CVE-2024-41110Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-30874Shared CWE-187
CVE-2026-34785Shared CWE-187

Affected Assets

—
All
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and evaluation can discover incomplete string comparisons through targeted test cases.

AC-3 Access Enforcement partial match

Access enforcement depends on correct authorization checks; partial comparisons would violate the required enforcement of full authorizations.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Security engineering principles include correct and complete comparison logic to avoid flawed decision points.

SI-10 Information Input Validation partial match

Input validation requirements force complete rather than partial string comparisons before decisions are made.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent unsafe string comparisons by enforcing proper API usage and testing.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover partial-comparison flaws during code or binary analysis.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect and prevent partial string comparison flaws before deployment.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle practices can include requirements to avoid partial string comparisons in authentication or validation logic.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can mandate full, exact comparisons for sensitive operations.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
degrades

Secure system architecture principles discourage unsafe partial comparisons in critical paths.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards can explicitly prohibit substring-based comparisons for security decisions.

A.8.5 Secure authentication partial match
degrades

Secure authentication mechanisms can reduce reliance on partial string comparisons for credential or token validation.

References