CVE-2025-24459

Medium

Published: 21 January 2025

Published

21 January 2025

Modified

30 January 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 4.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS Score 0.2230 95.9th percentile

Risk Priority 23 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24459 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Jetbrains Teamcity. Its CVSS base score is 4.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique JavaScript (T1059.007); ranked in the top 4.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to JavaScript (T1059.007) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match

prevent

Information output filtering directly prevents reflected XSS by encoding or sanitizing untrusted input displayed on the Vault Connection page.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Information input validation blocks malicious script payloads from being accepted and reflected on the Vault Connection page.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Flaw remediation requires applying the JetBrains TeamCity 2024.12.1 patch that fixes the specific XSS vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.007 JavaScript Execution

Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.

attack.mitre.org →

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution

An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS directly enables arbitrary JavaScript execution in the victim's browser (T1059.007) when the user clicks a crafted malicious link (T1204.001).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

In JetBrains TeamCity before 2024.12.1 reflected XSS was possible on the Vault Connection page

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-24459 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability, classified under CWE-79, affecting JetBrains TeamCity versions prior to 2024.12.1. The flaw exists on the Vault Connection page, where untrusted input is reflected without proper sanitization, enabling script injection. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N), indicating moderate severity with network accessibility but requiring low privileges and user interaction.

Exploitation requires an authenticated attacker with low privileges (PR:L) to craft a malicious link or payload targeting the Vault Connection page. A victim user must interact by clicking the link or performing an action that triggers the reflection (UI:R), allowing the attacker's script to execute in the victim's browser context over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L). This results in low impacts on confidentiality and integrity (C:L/I:L), such as potential access to limited sensitive data or minor modifications within the session, with no availability impact (A:N).

JetBrains has mitigated this vulnerability in TeamCity 2024.12.1, as documented in their issues fixed advisory at https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed/. Security practitioners should prioritize upgrading affected instances to this version or later to prevent exploitation.