Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-24459

XSS in Jetbrains Teamcity ≤ 2024.12.1

XSS
Published
21 January 2025
Modified
30 January 2025
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 4.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.028 86th percentile
Risk Priority 53 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2025-24459 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Jetbrains Teamcity. Its CVSS base score is 4.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Browser Session Hijacking (T1185); ranked in the top 14% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-24459 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability, classified under CWE-79, affecting JetBrains TeamCity versions prior to 2024.12.1. The flaw exists on the Vault Connection page, where untrusted input is reflected without proper sanitization, enabling script injection. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.6 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N), indicating moderate severity with network accessibility but requiring low privileges and user interaction.

Exploitation requires an authenticated attacker with low privileges (PR:L) to craft a malicious link or payload targeting the Vault Connection page. A victim user must interact by clicking the link or performing an action that triggers the reflection (UI:R), allowing the attacker's script to execute in the victim's browser context over the network (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L). This results in low impacts on confidentiality and integrity (C:L/I:L), such as potential access to limited sensitive data or minor modifications within the session, with no availability impact (A:N).

JetBrains has mitigated this vulnerability in TeamCity 2024.12.1, as documented in their issues fixed advisory at https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed/. Security practitioners should prioritize upgrading affected instances to this version or later to prevent exploitation.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

In JetBrains TeamCity before 2024.12.1 reflected XSS was possible on the Vault Connection page

CWE(s)
CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
attack.mitre.org →
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
attack.mitre.org →
T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-38061Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-38066Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-38065Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-34222Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-34225Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-34221Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-38063Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-41248Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-39175Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity
CVE-2023-43566Same product: Jetbrains Teamcity

Affected Assets

jetbrains
teamcity
≤ 2024.12.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect input neutralization through targeted web-application tests.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

Input validation directly enforces neutralization of untrusted data before it reaches web output generation.

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match

Output filtering can catch or sanitize unneutralized script content before it is served to users.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly target introduction of XSS via coding standards/testing (mostly), yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors unaddressed (partial).

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching and EOL replacement can remediate known XSS instances in libraries or frameworks (partial) but do nothing to enforce input neutralization in application code (none).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Secure-coding testing and automated code-analysis tools are applied to detect improper neutralization of script-related content during web-page generation.

A.5.6 Contact with special interest groups partial match
prevents

Knowledge exchange on emerging attack techniques and patches reduces the likelihood that cross-site scripting flaws remain unaddressed in deployed applications.

A.5.7 Threat intelligence partial match
prevents

Operational indicators of compromise for web-application attacks can be incorporated into WAF or input-filtering rules, lowering the likelihood that unsanitized data reaches the browser.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Requiring language-specific secure-coding standards and automated scanning during the SDLC catches missing output encoding or improper neutralization of untrusted data before the software reaches production.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure-coding standards, SAST scans and removal of insecure code samples together eliminate the failure to neutralize script content that produces cross-site scripting flaws.

References