CVE-2025-25678
Published: 20 February 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-25678 is a critical-severity Classic Buffer Overflow (CWE-120) vulnerability in Tenda I12 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 25.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly prevents buffer overflows by validating and sanitizing the funcpara1 parameter in the formSetCfm function.
Implements memory protections such as DEP, ASLR, and stack canaries to mitigate exploitation of the buffer overflow vulnerability.
Requires identification, reporting, and patching of the specific buffer overflow flaw in Tenda i12 firmware V1.0.0.10(3805).
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in unauthenticated public-facing web form (formSetCfm) on router enables remote code execution, directly matching exploitation of public-facing applications.
NVD Description
Tenda i12 V1.0.0.10(3805) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the funcpara1 parameter in the formSetCfm function.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-25678 is a buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-120) affecting the Tenda i12 router on firmware version V1.0.0.10(3805). The flaw exists in the formSetCfm function, triggered via a specially crafted funcpara1 parameter, and was published on 2025-02-20.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating it is exploitable over the network with low complexity, no privileges, no user interaction, and no change in scope. Remote attackers can thus trigger the buffer overflow without authentication, potentially achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as arbitrary code execution or system crashes.
Details on the vulnerability, including a proof-of-concept, are documented in the GitHub repository at https://github.com/jangfan/my-vuln/blob/main/Tenda/i12V1/setcfm.md. No vendor advisories or patches are referenced in the available information.
Details
- CWE(s)