Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-2777

XXE in Sysaid ≤ 23.3.40

Public PoCHigh EPSSXXE
Published
07 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L
EPSS Score 0.72 99.4th percentile
Risk Priority 92 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-2777 is a critical-severity Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CWE-611) vulnerability in Sysaid Sysaid. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 0.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

SysAid On-Prem versions 23.3.40 and earlier are affected by an unauthenticated XML External Entity vulnerability in the lshw processing functionality. The flaw is tracked as CVE-2025-2777 with CWE-611 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.3 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, no required privileges or user interaction, and impacts on confidentiality and availability.

Remote unauthenticated attackers can submit malicious XML to the affected component and leverage the XXE condition to achieve administrator account takeover along with arbitrary file read primitives on the server.

Vendor guidance and remediation details are published in the SysAid release documentation at https://documentation.sysaid.com/docs/24-40-60, while technical analysis of the issue appears in reporting from Watchtowr Labs. The associated EPSS score has remained in the 0.23 range without a material increase from a low baseline.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

SysAid On-Prem versions <= 23.3.40 are vulnerable to an unauthenticated XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in the lshw processing functionality, allowing for administrator account takeover and file read primitives.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

Threat-Actor AttributionAI

Cl0p
SysAid On-Prem XXE zero-day mass-exploited by Cl0p ransomware (widely reported by CISA, Mandiant, Unit 42).

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-2776Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2025-2775Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2023-33706Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2024-36393Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2023-47246Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2024-36394Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2023-47247Same product: Sysaid Sysaid
CVE-2023-29498Shared CWE-611
CVE-2024-52596Shared CWE-611
CVE-2023-40503Shared CWE-611

Affected Assets

sysaid
sysaid
≤ 23.3.40

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.5.1
  • V15.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Secure configuration settings can disable external entity processing in XML parsers.

Developer testing can discover XXE flaws through targeted XML parsing tests.

Input validation can reject or sanitize XML containing external entity references.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened XML parser configurations directly disable external entity resolution.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include input validation and safe XML parser configuration that prevent XXE.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover XXE flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching eliminates XXE-vulnerable parser versions but is only one aspect of software maintenance.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches XXE via static analysis and dynamic XML fuzzing.

finds

Vulnerability management identifies and patches XML libraries with unsafe default entity settings.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and entity handling that directly prevents XXE.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for disabling external entity processing in XML parsers.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include safe parser configuration that mitigates external entity risks.

prevents

Secure coding standards require disabling DTDs and external entities in XML processing.

References