Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-30204

DoS

Published
21 March 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0069 50th percentile
Risk Priority 58 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-30204 is a high-severity Amplification (CWE-405) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Network Denial of Service (T1498); ranked at the 50th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SC-6 (Resource Availability) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-30204 is a denial-of-service vulnerability in the golang-jwt library, a Go implementation of JSON Web Tokens. The issue affects versions starting from 3.2.0 up to but not including 5.2.2 and 4.5.2. Specifically, the parse.ParseUnverified function splits its untrusted input argument—typically from an Authorization header—using strings.Split on periods, resulting in O(n) byte allocations where n is the input length and the constant factor is approximately 16. This leads to excessive memory consumption, classified under CWE-405 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting a malicious HTTP request with an Authorization header containing "Bearer " followed by a large number of period characters. When the vulnerable parse.ParseUnverified function processes this input, it triggers significant memory allocations, potentially exhausting server resources and causing denial of service through application crashes or severe performance degradation.

Advisories recommend upgrading to golang-jwt versions 5.2.2 or 4.5.2, where the issue is fixed, as detailed in the GitHub security advisory GHSA-mh63-6h87-95cp and associated commits. NetApp's advisory NTAP-20250404-0002 also notes affected products and urges patching.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

golang-jwt is a Go implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Starting in version 3.2.0 and prior to versions 5.2.2 and 4.5.2, the function parse.ParseUnverified splits (via a call to strings.Split) its argument (which is untrusted data) on periods. As a result,…

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in the face of a malicious request whose Authorization header consists of Bearer followed by many period characters, a call to that function incurs allocations to the tune of O(n) bytes (where n stands for the length of the function's argument), with a constant factor of about 16. This issue is fixed in 5.2.2 and 4.5.2.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1498 Network Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users.
T1499.002 Service Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS).
T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.
T1498.002 Reflection Amplification Impact
Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by reflecting a high-volume of network traffic to a target.
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.001 OS Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS).
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

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Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 6 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SC-5 directly requires mechanisms to limit the effects of asymmetric resource exhaustion attacks such as amplification DoS.

SC-6 enforces resource quotas and priority allocation that reduce the impact of unauthenticated or low-effort resource requests.

Least-functionality disables unnecessary services or features that could be leveraged for amplification.

SC-7 boundary controls can filter or rate-limit traffic patterns that enable amplification without equivalent client work.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.IR-03 mostly match
prevents

Resilience mechanisms such as rate limiting and load balancing directly constrain asymmetric resource use.

PR.IR-04 mostly match
prevents

Capacity planning and monitoring maintain availability headroom against amplification attacks.

DE.CM-01 partial match
prevents

Network monitoring detects amplification traffic patterns but does not itself limit asymmetric consumption.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime resource monitoring can surface excessive consumption yet does not enforce authorization or work proofs.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

mitigates

Stress-testing and demand-reduction tactics (e.g., bandwidth throttling) blunt amplification vectors that would otherwise let an attacker multiply resource consumption through a single request.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248553 OL 8 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic are terminated after 10 minutes of becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405
  • V-248552 OL 8 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic terminate after becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405
Oracle Linux 9 (2 rules)
  • V-271709 OL 9 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic terminate after becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405
  • V-271710 OL 9 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic are terminated after 10 minutes of becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
  • V-230244 RHEL 8 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic terminate after becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405
  • V-244525 RHEL 8 must be configured so that all network connections associated with SSH traffic are terminated after 10 minutes of becoming unresponsive. prevents CWE-405

References