Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31176

Memory Safety in Gnuplot ≤ 6.0.0

Memory Safety
Published
27 March 2025
Modified
26 June 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0018 8th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31176 is a medium-severity NULL Pointer Dereference (CWE-476) vulnerability in Redhat Enterprise Linux. Its CVSS base score is 6.2 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-11 (Error Handling) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A10:2025 Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A flaw was found in gnuplot. The plot3d_points() function may lead to a segmentation fault and cause a system crash.

CWE(s)
CWE-476

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-31179Same product: Gnuplot Gnuplot
CVE-2025-31181Same product: Gnuplot Gnuplot
CVE-2025-31178Same product: Gnuplot Gnuplot
CVE-2025-31180Same product: Gnuplot Gnuplot
CVE-2024-8235Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux
CVE-2026-11788Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux
CVE-2023-28327Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux
CVE-2025-4478Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux
CVE-2025-46400Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux
CVE-2024-0841Same product: Redhat Enterprise Linux

Affected Assets

gnuplot
gnuplot
≤ 6.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-11 Error Handling
  • SC-24 Fail in Known State
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

—

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Input validation directly blocks the malformed data that triggers the NULL pointer dereference in plot3d_points().

SI-11 Error Handling good match
prevent

Proper error handling ensures a NULL dereference in gnuplot produces a graceful failure rather than a segmentation fault and system crash.

SC-24 Fail in Known State partial match
prevent

Fail-in-known-state requirements limit the blast radius of an unhandled NULL dereference so the overall system does not crash.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (static analysis, code review, safe coding standards) directly prevent NULL dereference bugs during development.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
detects

Security testing can detect NULL dereference defects before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC mandates defensive coding practices that can prevent NULL dereferences.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can specify input validation and pointer-safety rules.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage defensive design that avoids unsafe pointer use.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly require NULL-pointer checks and safe dereference patterns.

References