Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-34284

RCE in Nagios Xi ≤ 2024

Published
30 October 2025
Modified
06 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.041 90th percentile
Risk Priority 38 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-34284 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Nagios Nagios Xi. Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 10% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-34284 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in the WinRM plugin of Nagios XI versions prior to 2024R2. The issue stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied parameters, which allows injection of shell metacharacters into backend command invocations. Published on 2025-10-30, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

An authenticated administrator can exploit this vulnerability remotely with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation grants arbitrary command execution under the privileges of the Nagios XI web application user, enabling attackers to modify configurations, exfiltrate data, disrupt monitoring operations, or execute commands on the underlying host operating system.

Nagios advisories point to upgrading to Nagios XI 2024R2 as the primary mitigation. Relevant resources include the Nagios XI changelog at https://www.nagios.com/changelog/nagios-xi/, the security products page at https://www.nagios.com/products/security/#nagios-xi, and the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nagios-xi-authenticated-command-injection-via-winrm-plugin.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Nagios XI versions prior to 2024R2 contain a command injection vulnerability in the WinRM plugin. Insufficient validation of user-supplied parameters allows an authenticated administrator to inject shell metacharacters that are incorporated into backend command invocations. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary command…

more

execution with the privileges of the Nagios XI web application user and can be leveraged to modify configuration, exfiltrate data, disrupt monitoring operations, or execute commands on the underlying host operating system.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-34134Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2024-14005Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2026-2042Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2019-15949Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2025-34227Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2018-8735Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2024-14003Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2024-14008Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2025-34286Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi
CVE-2026-2041Same product: Nagios Nagios Xi

Affected Assets

nagios
nagios xi
2024 · ≤ 2024

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References